Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"The post - cold war era has been observed to have coineded with increased academic interest in the phenomenon of globalization. Simultaneously, however, with the succes of the European community as a regional arrangement given to the study of regional integration as a phenomenon...."

"Sejak Uni Eropa didirikan pada tahun 1957, telah terjadi perubahan berarti yang berkaitandengan hak-hak asasi manusia di dalam Uni Eropa sendiri dan di sekitarnya. Tetapi, barusejak tahun 199Oan Uni Eropa/Masyarakat Eropa lebih memfokuskan diri padapengembangan agenda hak-hak asasi manusia yang terkait dengan dunia luar Eropa. Promosidan perlinclungan hak-hak asasi manusia yang dilakukan Uni Eropa merupakan faktorpenting, terutama dalam hal kerja sama terkait. Juga, konsep tata kelola pemerintahan yangbaik merupakan bagian yang tidak dapat dipisahkan dari proses demokratisasi dalam konteksyang lebih luas pada tahun 1990an. Sarana khas dalam mencapai atau menggiatkan tatakelola pemerintahan yang baik sebetulnya merupakan sarat politis, sebagaimana dicontohkanoleh Cotonou Agreement. Sebagai gambaran khusus, ranah kebijakan pembangunanmencerminkan kondisi bahwa dimensi eksternal hak asasi manusia telah menjadi kebijakanhak-hak asasi manusia umum di Masyarakat Uni Eropa selama bertahun-tahun. "

"This book analyzes, first part describes the soft threats to human rights, derived from the devaluation of the politics and the productive economy with regard to the finance. It entails the concealment of the reality in the shape of exploitation as the tax havens and in the shape of marginalization of the persons with different abilities. The second part include a study of hard threats to human rights and examines two cases of failed states, Afghanistan and Somalia, in which the violence has supplanted the politics and the economy. In view of these situations it is necessary to rethink the force of classic ius gentium and the humanitarian right. The third part presents the European Union as a legal and political space in which conditions of a worthy life are better defended by means of the primacy of practical reason and social state of law, and by the requirement of peace as the main rule of international relations. "

"This volume examines human rights in the context of globalization. It discusses the challenges faced by the international human rights framework from contemporary developments such as climate change, global terrorism, and advances in technology. "

"Multilingualism in EU is a state of affairs emerged as a range of different languages encounter one another. The history of European integration and the course of language policy in EU show that there is no policy on the language of EU. Issues related to language regulate themselves to practical tenets. This is what is identified as laissez-faire policy model. The putting into practice of this laissez-faire policy model in EU has significant implications to French language. They are closely correlated with the question of power. France, as a member-state having a vital role and strong leadership character in integration, perceives this circumstance as a form of threat against the strength and the popularity of its language.Situations of multilingualism and language policy belong to one theoretical framework of sociolinguistics study and come into surface alongside political thinking_ One of the sociolinguistics scholars is Pierre Bourdieu, who suggests diverse concepts; among them are champ, capital, habitus, ilhrsio, libido and symbolique violance. Bourdieu develops sociology theory and associates it with other studies, such as media, literature, and politics. The study on Ianguage policy in ELI in this thesis applies the approaches put forward by Bourdieu. EU has been an arena of political interest struggle (champ) to two key member states i.e. France and the UK. Both states engage in the champ and draw on different capital. Language policy is the primary factor determining the dissemination and reinforcement of French language. France has vigorously promoted its language by employing massive policies on language and culture. Nevertheless, the results of these efforts cannot go beyond the popularity of English in EU, which in this case is influenced by the factors of economy, culture, and politics.There is in fact another factor that determines the dissemination and reinforcement of English language, i.e_ the factor of the U.S. soft power. This thesis uses the concepts of power proposed by Joseph Nye Jr as well. Nye Jr defines soft power as an ability to gain what is desired by means better than force or money. English has ties to the economic system and global network dominated by the U.S. English itself is an integral part of globalization. The power of globalization becomes a habitus which at the end supports the dissemination and reinforcement of English language. The government of the UK does not need to carry out massive efforts similar to the ones done by the French government to elevate its language on top of language hierarchy. If hierarchy of language is regarded as something that is proper and natural, the acknowledgment of one single dominant language will easily take place. English will easily become the lingua franca of EU. EU's language policy which regulates to practical tenets will turn English into the de facto dominant language. This condition can eventually deteriorate EU's slogan of united in diversity_ The challenge for EU now lies on the ways of how to manage and regulate issues concerning language to strengthen the slogan without having to diminish the national identity of its member states."