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"Fokus dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui justifikasi pemerintah dalam menetapkan kebijakan Pajak Penghasilan Pasal 22 atas Barang Sangat Mewah. berikutnya juga membahas mengenai dasar pemikiran dalam penetapan objek dari pajak ini dan juga meninjau Pajak Penghasilan Pasal 22 atas Barang Sangat Mewah ini apabila dilihat dari konsepsi penggolongan pajak. Penelitian ini menggunakan kualitatif pada pertanyaan pertama dan kedua, sedangkan untuk pertanyaan ketiga menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Pengumpulan data yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan studi literatur, penelitian lapangan dan juga dengan wawancara mendalam.Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah justifikasi pemerintah dalam kebijakan ini adalah didasari karena rendahnya kesadaran Wajib Pajak dalam memenuhi kewajiban perpajakannya. Dalam penentuan objek pajaknya yang menjadi pertimbangan pemerintah adalah efek barang tersebut terhadap pasar apabila barang tersebut dijadikan objeknya dan juga beberapa pertimbangan dari sifat barang-barang yang akan dikenakan seperti harga, konsumen barang tersebut, keberadaan barang tersebut di pasaran dan sebagainya. Sedangkan dalam pengujiannya terhadap konsepsi penggolongan pajak kebijakan ini tidak memenuhi karakteristik Pajak Langsung yang merupakan dasar dari Pajak Penghasilan dan Pajak Penghasilan Pasal 22 atas Barang Sangat Mewah ini lebih cocok dan memenuhi kriteria dari cukai (Excise).

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The focus of this research is to know the justification of government in the Income Tax Policy Article 22 on Very Luxurious Goods. The next focus is to know the government consideration in determining an object of the Income Tax Article 22, and to observe this policy toward the conception of classifying tax. These researches use a qualitative approach for the first and second questions, whereas the third questions use a quantitative approach. The collecting data method which is used in this research is study literature, field research and indepth interview. Base at it?s purposive, this research includes in descriptive research.

The result from this research is, in this policy the justification of government based on the low of consciousness taxpayer to complete their tax duty. In determining the tax object which becomes the government consideration is the effect of those goods toward a market if those goods become an object and also some consideration from the goods characteristic which imposition like price, the consumer, the existence of goods in market and etc. While, the test toward classifying tax conception policy is unqualified to the direct tax which become the basic from Income Tax and Income Tax Policy Article 22 about very luxurious goods is more suitable and qualify the criteria from excise."

"Skripsi ini membahas evaluasi kebijakan pemungutan Pajak Penghasilan Pasal 22 atas barang-barang sangat mewah. Analisis dilakukan berdasarkan kriteria evaluasi kebijakan publik menurut William Dunn. Studi fokus kepada evaluasi kebijakan sesuai kriteria efektivitas, efisiensi, responsivitas, dan ketepatan. Penelitian dilakukan dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian adalah kebijakan pemungutan Pajak Penghasilan Pasal 22 atas barang sangat mewah belum memenuhi kriteria evaluasi kebijakan publik, yaitu pada indikator efektif, efisien, responsivitas, dan ketepatan.

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This study discusses Evaluation of Income Tax Article 22 Policy on Very Luxury Goods. The analysis is based on the evaluation criteria of public policies according to William Dunn. Researchers focused on policy evaluation criteria for effectiveness, efficiency, responsiveness, and appropriateness. This research was conducted with a qualitative approach. This study conclude that the policy of Article 22 of Income Tax on very luxury goods does not meet the public policy evaluation criteria, namely on indicators of effective, efficient, responsiveness, and appropriatness."

"Adanya keinginan untuk mencapai target penerimaan pajak, dan keinginan untuk meningkatkan pengawasan kepatuhan Wajib Pajak mendorong pemerintah dalam memformulasikan kebijakan penurunan ambang batas dalam pemungutan Pajak Penghasilan pasal 22 atas penjualan hunian sangat mewah. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif yang bertujuan untuk menguraikan dan menganalisis proses formulasi kebijakan penurunan ambang batas dalam pemungutan PPh pasal 22 atas penjualan hunian sangat mewah. Hasil penelitian adalah proses formulasi kebijakan ini melewati empat tahap proses formulasi, yaitu identifikasi masalah, penyusunan agenda, formulasi masalah kebijakan, dan desain kebijakan. Akan tetapi, kebijakan ini dinilai masih memiliki sejumlah kekurangan seperti tidak sesuai dengan kebijakan PPnBM atas hunian mewah, dan adanya potensi mendistorsi pasar. Saat kebijakan dirumuskan, sudah selayaknya perumus mempertimbangkan dampak yang tidak diinginkan dan cara mengatasinya. Kemudian saat public hiring dilakukan, semua stakeholder harus diikutsertakan.

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The desire to achieve the target of tax revenue, and improving tax compliance control lead the government to formulate the Policy of Threshold Reduction in Income Tax Article 22 Collection on a Very Luxurious Residential Sales. This research is a qualitative research aimed to describe and analyze the process of Policy Formulation of Threshold Reduction in Income Tax Article 22 Collection on a Very Luxurious Residential Sales. The results showed that the process of this policy formulation through four stages : problem identification, agenda setting, policy problem formulation, and policy design. However, this policy still has some shortcomings. Those are the overlap between luxury tax and super-luxury tax, and the potential to distort the market. When this policy is being formulated, the formulator supposed to consider the unwanted impacts and the strategies to overcome them. Then during the public hiring, all the stakeholder supposed to be involved."

"Penelitian ini membahas tentang kebijakan penurunan tarif Pajak Penjualan Atas Barang Mewah (PPnBM) atas mobil ramah lingkungan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan dasar pemikiran adanya alternatif kebijakan penurunan tarif PPnBM atas mobil ramah lingkungan. Di samping itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis implikasi alternatif kebijakan penurunan tarif PPnBM atas mobil ramah lingkungan di Indonesia serta untuk mengetahui perlakuan kebijakan perpajakan atas mobil ramah lingkungan di negara lain yaitu Thailand. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain deskriptif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara mendalam dan literatur yang berasal dari artikel, buku, peraturan dan sumber lain.Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan dasar pemikiran alternatif kebijakan penurunan tarif PPnBM atas mobil ramah lingkungan ini adalah untuk pengembangan mobil ramah lingkungan di Indonesia. Kebijakan penurunan tarif PPnBM pada mobil ramah lingkungan dalam program Low Cost Green Car memberikan implikasi positif dan negatif. Kebijakan eco-car merupakan kebijakan perpajakan atas mobil ramah lingkungan di Thailand. Insentif yang diberikan pada kebijakan eco-car policy tersebut adalah menurunkan tarif cukai atas mobil ramah lingkungan menjadi 17%.

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This research studies the suggestion about luxury tax rate reduction policy on green car. The purpose of this study was to know and analyze basis of thinking about luxury tax rate reduction policy on green car. It also analyzed about implication about luxury tax rate reduction policy on green car and to know about tax policy for green car in other country likes Thailand. This research used qualitative approach with descriptive analysis. The data were collected by means of deep interview and also literatures from articles, books, rules, and other sources.

The results of this research conclude that the basis of thinking about possibility of luxury tax rate reduction on green car is to expand green car in Indonesia..Tax rate reduction policy will cause positive effect and negative effect. Eco-car policy is tax policy for green car in Thailand. Incentive which given by eco-car policy is decrease excise rate for green car to 17 percent."

"Meningkatnya minat terhadap hewan peliharaan mendorong pertumbuhan populasi dan penjualan hewan peliharaan. Melihat dari karakteristik Pajak Penjualan Barang Mewah, hewan peliharaan dinilai memenuhi karakteristik tersebut. Penerimaan Pajak Penjualan atas Barang Mewah dari peningkatan penjualan hewan peliharaan ini dapat menjadi potensi yang baik untuk menambah pendapatan negara. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kelayakan hewan peliharaan sebagai suatu objek Pajak Penjualan Barang Mewah dan bagaimana formulasi kebijakan yang tepat untuk pengenaan Pajak Penjualan Barang Mewah atas hewan peliharaan yang tergolong mewah.

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The rise of people's interests in pets encourages the population growth and sales of pets. Based on the characteristics of Sales Tax on Luxury Goods, pets are assessed to be qualified to such characteristics. The income of Sales Tax on Luxury Goods due to the increase of the pets sales can be potential to increase state’s income. This research aims to investigate the properness of pets as Luxury Goods Objects and how to formulate the proper policy of Sales Tax on Luxury Goods on pets as Luxury Goods Objects."

"Salah satu badan yang ditunjuk menjadi pemungut pajak penghasilan pasal 22 adalah bank BUMN. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memaparkan pertimbangan pemerintah dalam menentukan kebijakan pemungutan PPh pasal 22 oleh bank BUMN, proses formulasi kebijakan, serta implikasi yang timbul atas kebijakan tersebut terkait prinsip netralitas dan biaya ekonomi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif yang menggunakan teknik wawancara mendalam dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pertimbangan utama penunjukkan bank BUMN menjadi pemungut adalah performa bank BUMN yang baik dalam perekonomian. Proses formulasi secara umum telah berjalan sesuai dengan proses formulasi yang ideal namun terdapat beberapa aktor kebijakan yang belum terlibat secara mendalam dalam proses formulasi. Implikasi yang timbul atas kebijakan ini adalah terkait biaya ekonomi yang menambah biaya yang signifikan bagi bank BUMN.

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State Owned Bank is one of the entity appointed as Article 22 Income Tax Withholding agent in Indonesia. This research describes the consideration of that policy, the process of policy formulation, and the implication arise by that policy related neutrality and cost of economy principal. This research is a qualitativedescriptive research with in-depth interview and literature review as data collection techniques. The result of this research shows that the main consideration of this policy is the good state owned bank performance in the economy sector. Formulation process is running with ideal process, but there are some actors of policy that has not deeply involved in the formulation. Implication of this policy is about economical cost that add some significant cost for State Owned Bank."

"Giving the authority of law income tax to thegovernment for decided kind of service as income tax object article23, evoke extend income tax object article23, that is not only as a passive income but also as a business income.There is two analytical questions in this research, the first is how to implications of extend income tax object article 23 for the government, with holder and income tax receiver. The second, what the suitable of taxobject that can change to be a saw with holding income tax article 23 base on with holding income tax conception and international best practice.This research used qualitative approach with a descriptive researc htype to describe an objective with facts that revealed. The collecting data technique itself is done by a literature study from various sources like an article, book, internet and in¬depth interview with some informants whoa rerelated with this research.The result of this research shown that development income tax object article 23 has an implication to the government such as increase tax acceptance, decrease cost collection, and have opportunity cost. For with holder have burden. Moreover, for implication to income tax receiver is the cash flow tax receiver can be decrease, time of money lose, and increase compliance cost. Base donw it hholding income tax conception and international best practice, the suitable object as income tax object article 23 is inpassive income.This research recommended, the administration tax system in thegovernment need tobe fix, giving reward to with holder, apply proper income tariff that cannot disturbed the cashflow, clarify the object of income taxarticle 23 with giving definition and sample from theobject, streamline income tax article 25."

"Penelitian ini membahas tentang kebijakan pemberian fasilitas pembebasan PPnBM pada Kendaraan Umum yang menggunakan armada mewah. Penelitian bertujuan untuk memperbandingkan latar belakang peraturan terbaru dan peraturan sebelumnya terkait pembebasan PPnBM pada kendaraan umum tersebut. Disamping itu, penelitian bertujuan untuk melakukan evaluasi terhadap kebijakan fasilitas pembebasan PPnBM atas penyerahan kendaraan umum dengan tanda nomor kendaraan bermotor berwarna kuning dari segi fungsi budgetair dan regulerend pajak. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain deskriptif. Pengumpulan data melalui wawancara mendalam dan literatur berasal dari buku, peraturan, dan sumber lain. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan latar belakang pemberian fasilitas pembebasan PPnBM pada kendaraan umum adalah untuk memajukan transportasi massal. Kemudian, dari segi perkembangan peraturan PPnBM, kecenderungan kebijakan pemerintah semakin membatasi kendaraan bermotor. Kemudian ditinjau dari fungsi budgetair pajak, menimbulkan potential loss PPnBM. Dari segi regulerend PPnBM, pembebasan PPnBM bagi kendaraan mewah yang awalnya digunakan sebagai kendaraan umum tidak sejalan dengan maksud dan tujuan pengenaan PPnBM.

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This research evaluate the government policy about luxury tax exemption on luxury public car. The purpose of this study was to know and analyze rationale about luxury tax exemption on public cars. It analyze comparison from the recent regulation to previous regulation that regulate about luxury tax on public cars. This research analyzed about luxury tax exemption on public cars based on budgetair and regulerend tax function. This research used qualitative approach with descriptive analysis. Data were collected by means of deep interview and literatures from books, rules, and other sources. The results of this research conclude that rationale of luxury tax exemption on public transportation was the goverment’s intention to enhance mass transportation. Then, on develompent of regulation on luxury tax on vehicle tend to more disincentive to private motor vehicles than previous regulation. This, is goverment's intention to reduce the externalities produced by motor vehicles. Then in a budgetair function view, this regulation can lead to a potential loss in luxury tax on vehicle. In a regulerend function view, this luxury tax exemption for luxury cars that were initially used as public transport is incompatible with the aim and objectives of taxation on luxury tax."

"Penelitian ini membahas tentang usulan penghapusan dan penurunan tarif Pajak Penjualan Atas Barang Mewah (PPnBM) produk elektronik konsumsi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis dasar pemikiran adanya usulan penghapusan dan penurunan tarif PPnBM atas produk elektronik konsumsi. Di samping itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis penghapusan dan penurunan tarif PPnBM atas produk elektronik konsumsi ini ditinjau dari fungsi budgetair dan regulerend pajak. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain deskriptif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara mendalam dan literatur yang berasal dari artikel, buku, peraturan dan sumber lain.Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan dasar pemikiran usulan penghapusan dan penurunan tarif PPnBM atas produk elektronik konsumsi ini adalah penyesuaian produk elektronik konsumsi sebagai barang mewah dengan karakteristik antara lain adalah harganya yang mahal, memiliki Elastisitas Permintaan yang elastis dan memiliki Elastisitas Permintaan terhadap Pendapatan lebih dari 1. Kemudian, ditinjau dari fungsi budgetair pajak, dapat menimbulkan potential loss PPnBM. Namun, dalam jangka panjang potential loss PPnBM tersebut dapat tertutupi melalui adanya peningkatan PPN dan PPh Badan. Sedangkan ditinjau dari fungsi regulerend pajak, bertujuan untuk memberikan insentif pajak bagi industri elektronika nasional agar mampu merangsang investasi. Berkaitan dengan fungsi regulerend PPnBM, tidak sejalan dengan maksud dan tujuan pengenaan PPnBM bila pemerintah tidak selektif dalam mengkategorikan produk elektronik konsumsi sebagai barang mewah karena hanya semata-mata bertujuan untuk melindungi produk elektronik konsumsi buatan lokal.

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This research study the suggestion about luxury tax rate elimination and reduction on consumer electronic product. The purpose of this study was to know and analyze basis of thinking about luxury tax rate elimination and reduction on consumer electronic product. It also analyzed about luxury tax rate elimination and reduction on consumer electronic product based on budgetair and regulerend tax function. This research used qualitative approach with descriptive analysis. The data were collected by means of deep interview and also literatures from articles, books, rules, and other sources.The results of this research conclude that the basis of thinking about possibility of luxury tax rate elimination and reduction on consumer electronic product is adjustment of consumer electronic product as luxurious good with its characteristics, such as: high price, elastic demand and have income elasticity of demand exceed from one. Beside that based on budgetair tax function, the luxury tax rate elimination and reduction on consumer electronic product will cause potential loss on this tax but in long-term it will be covered by revenue from other tax such as the increase of VAT and Corporate Income Tax. Based on regulerend tax function, its purpose is to give tax incentive for national industries in order to stimulate investment. Yet, it will not be in accordance with the intention of luxury tax if government do not categorize selectively consumer electronic product as luxurious good because it is only purposed merely to protect local consumer electronic product."

"Taxpayers should fulfill their tax obligatory based on tax regulations in effect. In this case taxpayers face a dilemma. In one hand they must fulfill all of their tax obligatory completely without any violation, since for every mistake they made will result in penalty. On the other hand they want to manage their tax in order to minimize the cost. In this case, tax management can play an important role to solve taxpayers' problem legally.

PT. X is a company located in Sorong, Irian Jaya operating in fish preserving activity. It has many employees even though not all of them get the salary more than Non-Taxable Income (Penghasilan Tidak Kena Pajak = PTKP). Up to now PT. X has never used tax management as an instrument to manage the income tax article 21 (PPh Pasal 21) of its employees. As the result, there is still a chance to reduce tax cost legally by using tax management.

The objectives of this study are to describe how a company can design its remuneration system to minimize the income tax article 21 cost of its employees, how a company can utilize tax regulations in order to minimize fiscal corrections of the income tax article 21 in case of tax auditing, and how much money can be saved through tax management.

Tax management is a comprehensive action that requires a good understanding of tax regulations in implementing it. The understanding of tax regulations is so necessary that the chances to save money can be determined. Not only that, tax management also requires that the company should have a good accounting system as a media to give the right and accurate information about the company financial condition, since the financial information is the basis of calculating tax due.

Tax management can be done through a series of systematical and well.-planned steps. These steps are: defining the goal of tax management, identifying the current situation, identifying the supporting and obstacle factors, as well as developing the plan of activities to achieve the goal.

The methodology used in this study is descriptive analysis. The result of study shows that PT. X has not utilized tax regulations yet in the best possible way to minimize the income tax article 21 cost of its employees. As the result the employees must pay much more money than they have to. This study concludes that PT. X can utilize tax management to solve this problem by developing a good remuneration system for its employees."