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"Skripsi ini membahas mengenai pencabutan fasilitas pajak penghasilan atas industri reksa dana yang kemudian melihat pengalaman dengan kebijakan perpajakan mengenai hal yang sama di negara Malaysia. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa reksa dana saat ini telah berkembang dan sudah memenuhi tujuan pemberian fasilitas pajak sehingga tidak perlu lagi diberikan fasilitas tersebut. Selain itu pencabutan fasilitas pajak penghasilan bertujuan untuk menciptakan equal treatment serta mengeliminasi terjadinya tax avoidance. Meskipun di Malaysia reksa dana dibebaskan dari pengenaan pajak, Indonesia tidak serta merta dapat mengikuti hal tersebut karena setiap negara mempunyai kebutuhan yang berbeda.

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This study describes the revocation of income tax facility that previously enjoyed by the investment fund industry in Indonesia up to 2008 and conducts a comparative analysis with those happen in Malaysia. The research is using qualitative approach with a description typed of methodology. This concludes that investment fund has tremendously growing and the government is of the view that it is time to revoke the tax incentive so that it can contribute tax collection equally and eliminate tax avoidance. Even though Malaysia exempt investment fund from income tax it does not means that Indonesia should follow because every country had different purposes. This research recommended investment manager to adjust the product of investment fund."

"Skripsi ini membahas rumusan kebijakan fasilitas pajak penghasilan untuk penanaman modal di bidang-bidang usaha tertentu dan atau di daerah-daerah tertentu dengan studi pada Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 62 Tahun 2008. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui faktor-faktor yang dipertimbangkan dalam perumusan kebijakan fasilitas pajak penghasilan dan melihat kesesuaian faktorfaktor tersebut dengan kebijakan yang dihasilkan. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan desain deskriptif.Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa terdapat kesesuaian antara faktor-faktor yang menjadi pertimbangan dalam perumusan kebijakan dengan kebijakan yang dihasilkan. Faktor-faktor yang menjadi pertimbangan tersebut yaitu pengembangan struktur industri, pengalihan teknologi, penciptaan lapangan pekerjaan, bidang usaha pionir, akses ke pasar internasional, pengembangan daerah tertentu, dan mendukung kebijakan pemerintah. Sedangkan faktor lain yang perlu dipertimbangkan dalam perumusan kebijakan ini adalah fenomena race to the bottom, pembebasan pajak, sinkronisasi peraturan, dan peranan pemerintah daerah dalam menarik investasi.

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This study focus in policy formula analysis of income tax incentives for investment in spesific industries and or spesific region, a study in ?Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 62 Tahun 2008?. The purpose of this study is to study factors which needs to be considerated in income tax policy formulation and consistency between input factors with the policy itself. This research is a qualitative research with descriptive interpretive.This study conclude there is consistency between input factors with the policy itself. Input factors stated before consist of development in industrial structure, technology transfer, employment creation, pioneer industries, access to overseas market, development in spesific region, and support in government policies. Furthermore, other factors which need to be considered are a race to the bottom phenomena, tax exemption, law consistency, and the role of local government to attract investment."

"Penelitian ini mengangkat permasalahan yaitu alasan pemerintah menerapkan tax holiday, proses formulasi tax holiday, dan tanggapan pelaku industri yang sudah existing terhadap tax holiday. Pendekatan penelitian kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa alasan pemerintah menerapkan kebijakan tax holiday karena amanat dari undang-undang, tax competition, dan dampak positif dari tax holiday. Proses formulasi kebijakan tax holiday telah mengikuti Peraturan Menteri Negara Pendayagunaan Aparatur negara Nomor: PER/04/M.PAN/4/2007, model rasional sederhana Patton dan Savicky, dan aspek-aspek insentif pajak menurut Easson. Akan tetapi, formulasi kebijakan tax holiday tersebut belum mengikutsertkan secara langsung pihak swasta, asosiasi, dan pemerintah daerah sehingga kurang aspiratif. Tanggapan pelaku industri yang sudah existing terhadap tax holiday adalah positif. Akan tetapi, ketentuan tax holiday kurang jelas dan rumit, serta diskriminasi antara investor baru dengan investor lama.

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The issues of this underthesis are the reason of the government implemented tax holiday, formulation process of tax holiday, respone of industry players who already existing about tax holiday. The research approach is qualitative to the type of descriptive research. The result showed that the reason of the government implemented tax holiday because of the mandate of law, tax competition, and positive effect of tax holiday. The formulation process has followed the stages of the Minister of Administrative Reform Number: PER/04/M.PAN/4/2007, according to a simple rational model of Patton and Savicky, and importance aspects of Easson. Nevertheless, the formulation is not directly involve private sector, association, and local government, so that less aspiration. Responses of existing industry to tax holiday is a positive. However, the provision of tax holiday is less clear and complex, as well as discrimination between new and old investors."

"Penghasilan musisi internasional yang mengadakan konser di Indonesia merupakan potensi penerimaan pajak bagi Pemerintah seiring dengan maraknya aktivitas industri pertunjukkan. Untuk itu diperlukan adanya administrasi pajak yang baik serta penegakan hukum oleh pemerintah. Dalam melakukan analisis, penulis menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan tipe penelitian deskriptif, berdimensi lintas waktu, dan penelitian terapan. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan penelitian kepustakaan dan penelitian lapangan, dengan survey yang didukung dengan wawancara mendalam dan observasi.Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat beberapa masalah di dalam pemenuhan kewajiban administrasi pajak atas penghasilan musisi internasional yang mengadakan konser di Indonesia. Variasi model kontrak kerjasama antara pemberi kerja dengan manajemen musisi menyebabkan timbulnya kerancuan dalam hal penentuan subjek pemotong pajak. Dalam perhitungan objek pajak PPh Pasal 26, Penulis juga menemukan unsur penambah penghasilan yang terdapat di kontrak kerjasama yang seharusnya dimasukkan dalam perhitungan.

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International musicians income that received from their concerts in Indonesia is potential tax income for the government. Good tax administration and tax law enforcement were needed by the government in the realizations. In order to make analysis of it, author was using a qualitative approach with descriptive studies, and cross sectional research. Technique of data collecting used were library research and field research, while the research was conducted through survey and supported with in depth interview and observation.The result of this research shows that there are several problems in the compliance of tax administration held by the employer of international musicians. Variant of performance contracts model resulted in uncertainty in the deciding who?s the tax withholder that obliged to withhold Article 26 Indonesian Income Tax Regulation of international musicians? income. Author also found that in calculating the tax object of Article 26 Indonesian Income Tax Regulation additional income clauses that listed in Performance Contract are excluded, which it was supposed to be added."

"An employee stock option issued as a form of compensation. Employee stock option are mostly offered to management as part of their executive compensation package. They are also offered to lower staff. Employee stock options (ESOP) are issued as a private contract between the employer and employee. Depending on the vesting schedule and the maturity of the options, the employee may elect to exercise the options at whatever stock price was used as the strike price. At that point, the employee may sell the stock or hold on to it in the hope of further price appreciation. There are a variety of differences in the tax treatment of ESOP having to do with their use as compensation. The fact that the benefits from employee stock option are tax at different times in different countries is a difficulties. Also, same country may tax different parts of the benefits at different times. Based on this problem, the writer is attracted to make a research on the Income Tax Treatment Analysis on Employee Stock Option.The point of this analysis is to find when the income tax should be taxable on the benefit from the ESOP, clasiffy the benefit derived from the ESOP and analyze the international tax issue arising from ESOP. The research approach used is qualitative and the method used is descriptive. It means that the research purpose is to describe and analyze the Income Tax Treatment on Employee Stock Option. The analysis will focus on the tax treatment from the employee point of view. The data collected through in-depth interview between the researcher and the informant considered related to this research.After the research completed, there is three conclusions of this research. First, it is concluded that the Income Tax will be taxable when the stock acquired by the option is sold. This treatment is used based on the realization of income principle. Second, the classification of benefit from ESOP treated as employment income in total or split into employment income and capital gain. And the third, a variety of differences in the tax treatment of ESOP can caused the conflict in international taxation which make double taxation and double non taxation between countries. The double taxation and double non taxation can be minimized through the credit and exemption method provided by countries."

"Government needed more income to raise the national budget. They issued instruments to collect income from citizen through debt and foreign currency. Government released Governmental Bonds for domestic market, which sold in retail (ORI) and for international market in foreign currency. Government also presented a law execution regulation to give certainty for the consumers or the taxpayers.Governmental Regulation Number 6 which published in 2002 distinguished the tax procedure for the bonds which imposed only on transactions tradable and reportable to the stock exchange. Income derived or taken from obligation transaction should be based on a global taxation. While, for the international bonds were given the facilities by the government. We would assume that there was an inequality between the bonds for domestic market and for international market. In global taxation, we should not differentiate the income by the source.This research used a quantitative descriptive as the research method. The type and data collection techniques used (1) literature research including on various taxation regulations and another related documents and (2) field research using interviews with such related parties as tax academicians, government as issuer and regulator. They gave several opinion which created differences in equity perspective.Government figured the debt as the best instrument to raise government income. They considered that attracting foreign investor by giving them tax facility was necessary to raise the budget. They named their policy as their budgeting and regulating function. But, we should notice that domestic investor might think the inequality of the tax burden.Therefore, it was suggested to make a comprehensive and equal policy. Based on tax principle, that tax should be fair and equal. It became fair that tax imposed on the income earned from the same source (instrument) equally. If one of them was given the facility, so the other should be given the same facility."

"Skripsi ini membahas tentang pemenuhan kriteria asas-asas perpajakan dalam Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 51 Tahun 2008. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui asas-asas perpajakan apa saja yang terpenuhi dalam Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 51 Tahun 2008. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan design deskriptif. Pemberlakuan surut Peraturan Pemerintah Nomo 51 Tahun 2008 menimbulkan banyak kerugian bagi Wajib Pajak. Mereka diwajibkan untuk membayar pajak yang terutang bukan pada waktu memperoleh penghasilan (prinsip ability to pay tidak terpenuhi). Perubahan-perubahan peraturan perpajakan atas penghasilan dari usaha jasa konstruksi merepotkan Wajib Pajak karena membuat mereka harus berulang kali mengajukan permohonan pemindahbukuan pajak yang telah dibayar. Pengenaan PPh final bagi seluruh Wajib Pajak usaha konstruksi juga sangat tidak adil karena pengenaan pajak tidak lagi memperhatikan keadaan Wajib Pajak sedang untung atau rugi. Revenue adequacy principle terpenuhi dalam peraturan ini. Equity principle tidak terpenuhi. Certainty principle terpenuhi karena dengan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 51 Tahun 2008 pengenaan PPh final atas usaha jasa konstruksi menjadi pasti, tapi convinience sebagai salah satu unsur dari certainty tidak terpenuhi.

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This thesis discusses about the fulfillment of the criteria of the principles of taxation in Government Regulation No. 51 of 2008. The purpose of this study is to determine the principles of taxation what is fulfilled in Government Regulation No. 51 of 2008. The method used is descriptive qualitative research design. Enabling ebb Government Regulation No. 51 Year 2008 caused much loss to taxpayers. They are required to pay the tax due is not earning at the time (the principle of ability to pay is not met). Changes in tax regulations on business income taxpayers inconvenient construction because they must repeatedly make the transfer request is filed taxes already paid. Imposition of the final income tax for the entire construction business taxpayers also very unfair because the taxation is no longer concern the taxpayer is lucky or loss. Revenue-adequacy principle is fulfilled in this rule. Equity principle is not fulfilled. Certainty principle is fulfilled because the Government Regulation Number 51 Year 2008 final imposition of income tax on construction services business to be sure, but convenience as one element of certainty is not met."

"Dicabutnya ketentuan fasilitas pembebasan pajak Industri Reksa Dana, yang berlanjut dengan dikeluarkan kebijakan pengenaan pajak penghasilan atas bunga obligasi pada industri reksa dana. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran mengenai Evaluasi Kebijakan Pajak Penghasilan Atas Bunga Obligasi Pada Industri Reksa Dana dan permasalahan yang timbul akibat dari kebijakan perpajakan tersebut. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan analisis data kualitatif. Data kualitatif didapatkan melalui studi literatur dan wawancara mendalam. Hasil penelitian ini adalah adanya dampak yang ditimbulkan dari kebijakan pajak penghasilan atas bunga obligasi pada industri reksa dana yakni bagi investor : menurunnya return yang diterima, bagi pengelola investasi : menurunnya jumlah investor, portofolio pengelolaan dana menurun, melemahnya daya saing investasi reksa dana di Indonesia dibandingkan dengan negara lain, bagi emiten obligasi: menurunnya ekspansi perusahaan (emiten obligasi) dalam mengembangkan sektor usahanya, bagi pemerintah: secara tidak langsung akan menurunkan penerimaan negara. Permasalahan yang timbul akibat kebijakan pajak penghasilan atas bunga obligasi pada industri reksa dana adalah timbulnya penolakkan-penolakkan dari pengelola investasi dan pihak lainnya kepada otoritas pajak karena kebijakan tersebut berpotensi menimbulkan dampak terhadap sektor perekonomian serta iklim investasi pada industri reksa dana berbasis obligasi.

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Revocation of tax exemption provisions of the Mutual Fund Industry, which continued with policies issued by the imposition of income tax on the interest on the bonds in the mutual fund industry. This study aims to provide an overview of the Policy Evaluation of Income Tax on Bond Interest In Mutual Fund Industry and the problems that arise as a result of the tax policy. The method used was a qualitative study with qualitative data analysis. Qualitative data obtained through the study of literature and in-depth interviews.

Results of this study was the impact of tax policy on bond interest income on the mutual fund industry for investors: decreasing returns, for investment managers: the declining number of investors, fund management portfolio declined, weakening the competitiveness of Indonesian investments in mutual funds compared with other countries, for bond issuers: reduced expansion (bond issuer) in developing the business sector, for the government: will indirectly reduce state revenue.

Policy issues arising from tax on interest income on a bond mutual fund industry is the emergence of rejection-rejection of investment managers and other parties to the tax authorities because the policy has the potential to cause an impact on the economy and investment climate in bond-based mutual fund industry."

"Skripsi ini membahas tentang analisis penentuan penatapan kegiatan Bentuk Usaha Tetap atas Agen yang tidak Bebas pada Undang-Undang Pajak Penghasilan. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan desain deskriptif. Permasalahan yang diangkat dalam skripsi ini adalah bagaimana penetapan kegiatan atas Agen yang tidak bebas sebagai Bentuk Usaha Tetap serta menentukan alat uji yang digunakan untuk penetapan tersebut.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penentuan yang ditetapkan dalam Undang-Undang Pajak Penghasilan menggunakan alat uji yang masih bersifat primer atau dasar yakni tempat tetap dan keterikatan dalam penentuannya seperti disebutkan dalam memori penjelasan Pasal 2(5) huruf n, penentuan dalam memori tersebut memasukkan pua ketrikatan sebagai alat uji namun alat uji tersebut tidak cukup guna menyikapi perubahan aktivitas usaha yang bersifat dinamis, sehingga membawa konsekuensi perubahan dalam Undang-Undang Pajak

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In International transaction nowadays that use by foreign enterprises make tax consequences, main criterion wether a source country can have power to tax for the profit that the enterprise earn from the source is, if the source country can prove that the foreign enterprise when running their own business using a permanent establishment in there. A clear tax policy that the government have made will help the tax authority to consitute it. Now a basic rule for permanent establishment that using a fixed base test are going to change and replace by a person as a subtitute the place test. A dynamic change have been take by countries to adjust a basic rule to a specific rule is called an agency clause. By using an agency clause the source country have already to make effort to face the situation hopefully.

The result from this research is that tax law contains rules which consisted of main part and explanation. Constriction and expansion of the subject matter can not be done in explanation. But, the condition in explanation of income tax law Sec. 2 (5) (n) about a dependent agent, especially about the the tools that used for determined a dependent agent as a permanent establishment. Determination of dependent agent which is include as a permanent establishment using the regulation mentioned in explanation. The condition fulfilled by a fixed base test and dependency test to constitute a dependent agent as a permanent establishment."

"The currency or foreign exchange (FX) market is the largest financial market in the world, with trading volumes surpassing $1,9 trillion a day. Although primarily dominated by a worldwide network of interbank traders, a new era of internet-base communication technologies has recently allowed individual investors to gain direct access to this popular and profitable market. Trading in the foreign exchange market is an alternative tool for investment other than investing in stock market.The tax issues on gain from foreign exchange trading tend to be disorienting since there are no tax circular that regulates the implementation of foreign exchange trading in Indonesia. Since the absence of specific income tax law on gain from forex trading, this research attempts to explain the nature of foreign exchange trading itself, then it will describe the difference between the US Income tax treatment and the Indonesian income tax treatment on gain on forex trading followed by the conclusion to propose the right alternative tax treatment to be implemented in Indonesia. This research uses qualitative approach with descriptive technique. Library study, field study and benchmarking are chosen to gather the information. The field study is executed by interviewing tax officers, brokers, and academic scholar. While as the benchmarking is being executed by comparing with tax rule in the United State of America to propose the right tax treatment to be implemented in Indonesia.Forex trading is traded in the Over the Counter Market where there are no centralized exchanges. The nature of forex trading is to speculate in buying or selling foreign currency contract in the spot market. According to the Indonesian income tax regulation article 4(1) leter l stated that gain on foreign exchange are treated as an taxable object whilst loss on foreign exchange principally could be recognized as deductible expense. Since the absence of specific regulation relating to the tax treatment on forex trading therefore the general rule may apply, the general rule stated forex trading falls under business income category and that all increase in economic capability originating from Indonesia as well as from offshore shall be accumulated and taxed according to article 17 tax rate.Differ from the Indonesia tax law, the US tax law on profit from the fluctuation in foreign exchange rates are treated differently from foreign exchange trading. The fluctuation in foreign exchange rate as as part of their normal course of business fall under IRC Section 988. Gains and losses from foreign exchange (such as buying and selling of foreign goods) are treated as interest income or expense and get taxed accordingly. Since forex traders are also exposed to daily exchange rate fluctuations, their trading activity falls under the provisions of Section 988. These daily fluctuations can be considered part of a currency trader's assets in the normal course of his business; the IRS gives the trader the option of rejecting (opting out) of Section 988 and electing that the gains be taxed under the favorable 60/40 split of IRC Section 1256. Under IRC Section 1256, forex traders can have a significant advantage over stock traders. Forex traders are allowed to split their capital gains using a 60% / 40% split. This means that 60% of the capital gains are taxed at the lower, long-term capital gains rate (currently 15%) and the remaining 40% at the ordinary or short-term capital gains rate, which depends on the tax bracket the trader falls under (as high as 35%). This results in an average rate of 23%, which is 12% less than the regular (short-term) rate.From the comparative study between the US tax laws on foreign exchange trading, this research propose an alternative tax policy on forex trading in Indonesia. One of the alternative is only net gain are calculated and tax. The second alternative to be implemented in the form of withholding final tax payment from every realize transaction."