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"Hospitalization can produce anxiety and interrupt school age children’s wellness. Although many methods have been applied to handle child anxiety, however the most new effective one has not found yet. The art therapy is one of alternatives to minimize child anxiety. This research goal is to describe art therapy effect toward minimizing anxiety in school age children undergoing hospitalization. Quasi experimental research was set on pre-post test non-equivalent control group design. Research population was 6-12 years old children undergoing hospital care at RSUD Prof. Dr. Margono Soekarjo and RSUD Banyumas, and purposive sampling was applied to them. Sample research was 60 children between age 6 and 12 years old, divided into 2 groups. Those were 30 children as research group and 30 children as control group. Child drawing: Hospital (CD: H) instrument was used in this research to measure anxiety. The effects of art therapy were tested with Chi Square. This statistic analyses showed that there was different anxiety level between two groups before applying art therapy (p=0,011). However there was no difference anxiety level between two groups after applying art therapy (p=0,760). An additional analyses showed that art therapy effectively reduce arterial pulse level (p=0,008). There was no evidence that age, length of care, and experiencing care correlate to anxiety level after applying art therapy, except sex in experimental group with anxiety level. Results showed that art therapy did not reduce anxiety level however this was effective in reducing arterial pulses, one of anxieties physiological responses. Developing the research in art therapy need randomize sampling to increase homogeneity between two groups then will strengthen the result. Pediatric nurses should applying art therapy with variation method to reduce anxieties physiological responses."

"Kecemasan dan ketidakmandirian merupakan reaksi yang sering terjadi pada anak selama hospitalisasi dan berakibat penurunan kondisi, lamanya adaptasi, serta gangguan perkembangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh therapeutic-peer-play terhadap kecemasan dan kemandirian anak usia sekolah yang dirawat. Rancangan quasy-experiment, pre-test post-test control-group design, sampel masing-masing 33 pada kelompok intervensi dan kontrol. Analisis data dengan paired t-test. Hasil menunjukkan terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan (pvalue= 0,000) terhadap kecemasan {sebesar 11,09 pada intervensi dan 3,73 pada kontrol (66%); dari cemas sedang menjadi cemas ringan}; dan berpengaruh signifikan (p-value=0,000) terhadap kemandirian {sebesar 7,85 pada intervensi dan 2,58 pada kontrol (67%); dari tidak mandiri menjadi mandiri}. Mengingat therapeutic-peer-play berpengaruh terhadap kecemasan dan kemandirian, maka perlu peningkatan peran perawat terhadap upaya permainan terapeutik anak usia sekolah selama hospitalisasi.

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Anxiety and the lack of self-reliance is a reaction that often occurs in children during hospitalization and resulted in a decrease of conditions, duration of adaptation, and developmental disorders. The purpose of this research was to identify the effect of therapeutic peer play to the levels of anxiety and self-reliance school-age children during the hospitalization. This research used quasy-experiment, pre-test, post-test, control-group design, and samples in each of the intervention and control groups were 33 people. The data analysis used paired t-test.

From the data analysis, it has been recognized that there is a significant effect (p value: 0,000) to anxiety {11,09 in intervention and 3,73 in control (66%), from middle to low level of anxiety}; and also there is a significant effect (p value: 0,000) to self-reliance {7,85 in intervention and 2,58 in control (67%), from being not independent to being independent}. Considering therapeutic peer play has effect on anxiety and self-reliance, it is necessary to increase the role of nurses to create therapeutic peer play for school aged children during hospitalization."

"Hospitalisasi dapat menimbulkan kecemasan pada anak. Biblioterapi adalah pemanfaatan buku sebagai media terapi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi pengaruh biblioterapi terhadap tingkat kecemasan anak usia sekolah yang menjalani hospitalisasi. Jenis penelitian kuasi eksperimen dengan sampel 30. Tehnik pengambilan sampel adalah purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan rata-rata tingkat tingkat kecemasan anak yang mendapatkan bibliotarapi sebesar 29,27 dan rata-rata tingkat kecemasan anak yang tidak mendapatkan biblioterapi sebesar 36,07. Hasil uji statistik menunjukan pengaruh biblioterapi terhadap penurunan tingkat kecemasan anak usia sekolah yang menjalani hospitaliasi. Tidak terdapat hubungan usia, jenis kelamin, pengalaman dirawat, lama rawat dan frekuensi membaca dengan tingkat kecemasan anak. Pemberian biblioterapi dapat diterapkan sebagai salah satu intervensi keperawatan untuk menurunkan kecemasan anak usia sekolah selama menjalani hospitalisasi.

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Hospitalization can cause anxiety in children. Bibliotherapy is using the book as a medium of therapy. The purpose of this study was to identified the effect of bibliotherapy on anxiety levels school-age children who underwent hospitalization. This type of study was quasi-experimental with a sample of 30. Sampling technique was purposive sampling.

The results of this study showed the average level of anxiety levels of children who got bibliothrapy is 29.27 and the average level of anxiety of children who did not get biblioterapi is 36,07. Statistical test results showed the influence of bibliotherapy on reducing anxiety levels school-age children who underwent hospitalization. There is no relationship of age, gender, experience, length of care and frequency of reading with a child's anxiety level. Giving biblioterapi can be applied as a nursing intervention to reduce anxiety during schoolage children hospitalization."

"Hospitalisasi dapat menyebabkan kecemasan pada anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh terapi musik terhadap respon fisiologis dan perilaku kecemasan anak usia sekolah selama hospitalisasi di rumah sakit wilayah Cilacap. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan Quasi Experimental, Pretest Posttest Non Equivalent Control Group Design, sampel berjumlah 36 anak dengan masingmasing 18 anak pada kelompok intervensi dan kontrol. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat penurunan secara bermakna pada rata-rata respon fisiologis kecemasan setelah dilakukan terapi musik (p value = 0,029). Pada rata-rata respon perilaku kecemasan juga terdapat penurunan yang bermakna setelah dilakukan terapi musik (p value = 0,000). Rekomendasi dari penelitian ini adalah supaya perawat dapat menerapkan intervensi terapi musik sebagai upaya untuk mengurangi kecemasan pada anak usia sekolah selama hospitalisasi.

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Hospitalization can cause anxiety in children. This study aimed to determine the effect of music therapy on physiological responses and anxiety behavior during hospitalization for school-age children in Cilacap district hospitals. This study uses Quasi Experimental design, pretest posttest Non Equivalent Control Group Design, samples from 36 children with each of the 18 children in the intervention and the control groups.

The results showed there is significant fall in average physiological responses of anxiety after music therapy (p value = 0,029). On average there are also concerns the response behavior of a significant decrease after music therapy (p value = 0,000). Recomendations from this study is that nurses can apply music therapy intervention in an attempt to reduce anxiety in school-age children during hospitalization."

"Masalah psikososial ansietas muncul sebagai reaksi dari stres akibat meningkatnya beban dalam merawat anak tunagrahita. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh terapi kelompok suportif terhadap perubahan beban dan tingkat ansietas keluarga dalam merawat anak tunagrahita di SLB Kabupaten Banyumas. Desain penelitian quasi experimental, pre-post test with control group. Tempat penelitian di SLB C Yakut dan SLB Kuncup Mas Banyumas. Sampel penelitian adalah seluruh keluarga anak tunagrahita yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada perbedaan beban dan tingkat ansietas keluarga sebelum dan setelah mendapatkan terapi kelompok suportif. Rekomendasi penelitian ini adalah perlunya dibentuk parent support group di SLB, beranggotakan keluarga yang memiliki anak tunagrahita.

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Anxiety as a psychosocial problems was emerged as stimulated by burden of taking care of mentally retardated children. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of supportive group therapy toward the burden and family anxiety level in the care of children at SLB Kabupaten Banyumas. The research used quasi-experimental pre-post test with control group design. The research site took place at SLB C Yakut and SLB Kuncup Mas Banyumas. The sample research was the entire family of mentally retardated children who met the inclusion criteria. Results showed that there was a significant difference in family burden and anxiety levels before and after getting a supportive group therapy on the group. Recommendations of this study is the need to establish a parent support group in special schools, family members who have mental retardated children."

"Penyakit ginjal kronik masih menjadi masalah kesehatan utama diseluruh dunia. Kondisi tersebut terjadi dikarenakan orangtua membawa anaknya ke rumah sakit dalam keadaan sudah darurat. Krisis hipertensi, anemia, dan kejang merupakan tanda kegawatdaruratan yang apabila tidak segera ditangani dalam waktu yang cepat dan tepat dapat menyebabkan kematian. Namun kondisi unit gawat darurat menyebabkan stress dan kecemasan pada anak, yang menyebabkan ketidaknyamanan. Tujuan penelitian ini memberikan gambaran aplikasi Teori Kenyamanan Kolcaba dalam asuhan keperawatan anak dengan masalah disfungsi ginjal yang mengalami kecemasan. Aplikasi Teori Kenyamanan memperhatikan empat konteks kenyamanan yaitu kenyamanan fisik, psikospritual, sosiokultural, dan lingkungan. Intervesi keperawatan yang dilakukan berdasarkan evidence-based nursing practice adalah bermain terapeutik pop-it untuk menurunkan tingkat kecemasan anak. Desain yang digunakan quasi eksperimental, two group pretest-posttest with control group design dengan melibatkan 68 anak diambil menggunakan tehnik purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bermain terapeutik pop-it terbukti efekti menurunkan kecemasan anak saat berada di UGD (p=0,001; α= 0.05).

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Chronic kidney disease is still a major health problem worldwide. This condition occurs because parents take their children to the hospital in an emergency. Hypertensive crises, anemia, and seizures are signs of emergencies that if not treated immediately in a fast and appropriate time can cause death. But the condition of the emergency department causes stress and anxiety in children, which causes discomfort. The purpose of this study provides an overview of the application of Kolcaba Comfort Theory in nursing care of children with kidney dysfunction problems who experience anxiety. The application of Comfort Theory pays attention to four contexts of comfort, namely physical, psychospiritual, sociocultural, and environmental comfort. Nursing interventions based on evidence-based nursing practice are pop-it therapeutic play to reduce children's anxiety levels. The design used quasi-experimental, two group pretest-posttest with control group design involving 68 children taken using purposive sampling techniques. The results showed that pop-it therapeutic play was shown to be effective in reducing children's anxiety while in the ER (p = 0.001; α = 0.05)"

"Salah satu terapi yang digunakan untuk menurunkan kecemasan pada anak usia sekolah selama hospitalisasi adalah dengan melakukan terapi bermain all tangled up. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh terapi bermain terhadap kecemasan anak usia sekolah selama hospitalisasi di RSUD Syekh Yusuf Kabupaten Gowa Propinsi Sulawesi Selatan. Desain penelitian quasi experimental pre-post test with control group. Sampel berjumlah 68 orang yang meliputi 34 orang kelompok intervensi dan 34 orang kelompok kontrol. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penurunan skor tingkat kecemasan pada anak usia sekolah lebih tinggi pada kelompok intervensi dibandingkan kelompok kontrol (p value<0.05). Terapi bermain all tangled up direkomendasikan diterapkan sebagai terapi keperawatan merawat klien anak usia sekolah yang mengalami kecemasan selama hospitalisasi.

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One of therapies to decrease anxiety of school-aged children while hospitalized is by playing therapy called all tangled up. The aim of this study was to know influence of playing therapy called all tangled up to school-aged children while hospitalized at Syekh Yusuf Regional Hospital of Gowa, province of South Sulawesi. This study used a Quasi-experimental design with pre-post test and control group. A number of 68 samples including 34 people the intervention group and 34 the control group. The results showed the decrease in the anxiety score of school-aged children in the intervention group was higher than in the control group (p value <0.05). Playing therapy called all tangled up is recommended as a therapy applied in the advanced nursing care for school-aged children clients with anxiety while hospitalized."

"Kecemasan merupakan kondisi yang dapat dialami banyak orang. Namun kecemasan yang berlebihan dapat mengganggu kegiatan sehari-hari seseorang. Gangguan kecemasan pada anak yang tidak ditangani dengan efektif dapat membuat anak rentan terhadap masalah dalam fungsi kehidupannya dan mempengaruhi perkembangan emosinya. Tesis ini memiliki desain penelitian single case dan menerapkan bentuk intervensi Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) untuk menurunkan kecemasan pada anak. Partisipan penelitian adalah anak perempuan berusia 9 tahun yang mengalami kecemasan pada sejumlah hal, antara lain cemas menyeberang jalan, pergi ke sekolah dan di rumah atau di kamar mandi sendirian. Sesi terapi dilakukan sebanyak dua belas kali selama lebih kurang 45 - 80 menit setiap sesinya. Pengukuran efektivitas terapi ini dilakukan menggunakan alat ukur SCARED (Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders), FSSC-R (Fear Survey Schedulle for Children - Revised), dan CBCL (Child Behavior Checklist). Hasil dari terapi ini adalah CBT tidak efektif untuk menurunkan kecemasan partisipan. Hal ini terlihat dari masih adanya indikasi gangguan kecemasan yang diukur menggunakan SCARED dan FSSC-R.

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Anxiety is a common emotional condition in human life. Unfortunately, when the anxiety becomes too intense, it can impair people daily activities. Failure to intervene anxiety disorder in children with effective treatment may render the child vulnerable to impairments in a wide range of functioning and result in deleterious effect on his or her long-term emotional development. This thesis uses a single case research design and applies the Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) in order to reduce anxiety in middle age children. The research participant is a nine-year old girl having anxiety in several things, such as crossing the street, going to school and staying in home or toilet alone. Therapy is conducted through 12, 45-80 minute sessions. This therapy effectivity is assessed by SCARED (Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders), FSSC-R (Fear Survey Schedulle for Children - Revised), and CBCL (Child Behavior Checklist).The results of this therapy is an ineffective CBT to reduce the child's anxiety. The child has not experienced reduced scores in SCARED and FSSC-R. This indicated that she still has anxiety disorder."

"Stres hospitalisasi akan menyebabkan kecemasan pada anak. Tesis ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh senam otak terhadap kecemasan akibat hospitalisasi pada anak usia prasekolah yang dirawat di Rumah Sakit Panti Rapih Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan Quasi Eksperimental Pretest-Posttest Non Equivalent Control Group Design. Responden yang terlibat dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 32 anak yang terbagi dalam kelompok kontrol dan kelompok intervensi. Dari hasil analisis data ditemukan bahwa ada penurunan signifikan padaskor kecemasan anaksetelah dilakukan senam otak pada kelompok intervensi bila dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol. Rekomendasi dari penelitian ini adalah supaya perawat meningkatkan ketrampilan dengan latihan senam otak sehingga bisa diterapkan dalam pemberian asuhan keperawatan pada anak untuk mengurangi kecemasan dengan melibatkan orang tua.

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Stress hospitalization will cause anxiety in children. This thesis aimed to investigate the effect of brain gym to anxiety due to hospitalization in preschool age children at Panti Rapih Hospital Yogyakarta. This study used Quasi- Experimental Pretest-posttest Non Equivalent Control Group Design. Respondents involved in this study were 32 children and divided into control and intervention group.

The results this study found that there was a significant decrease on anxiety score after brain gym in intervention group compared to control group. The recommendation of this research is that nurses improve their skills on brain gym and applied in nursing care by involving the parents."

"ABSTRAKStorytelling merupakan salah satu alternatif intervensi dalam asuhan atraumatik keperawatan anak di rumah sakit untuk mengurangi efek negatif akibat hospitalisasi. Storytelling dapat diberikan sebagai distraksi terhadap ketakutan anak yang dialami selama dalam perawatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas storytelling terhadap takut akibat hospitalisasi pada anak usia sekolah di rumah sakit. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian quasi eksperiment dan metode yang digunakan adalah non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design. Subyek dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari dua kelompok yaitu kelompok intervensi 1 (storytelling) dan kelompok 2 yaitu kelompok kontrol dimana jumlah total responden n=32, di RSAB Harapan Kita Jakarta. Pengambilan data responden menggunakan sistem blok yang dilakukan dari bulan Juni sampai Juli 2020. Hasil analisis bivariat menunjukkan bahwa intervensi storytelling berpengaruh signifikan terhadap penurunan takut hospitalisasi anak usia sekolah di rumah sakit sebelum dan sesudah pemberian intervensi (P value =0,000 < 0,05). Selain itu juga ada perbedaan bermakna selisih skor takut pada kelompok intervensi dengan kelompok kontrol terhadap skor takut hospitalisasi (P value = 0,000 < ). Storytelling dapat diterapkan dalamasuhan keperawatan pasien anak di rumah sakit untuk membantu meminimalkan trauma atau takut anak.

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ABSTRACTStorytelling is one of the alternative interventions in pediatric nursing atraumatic care in hospitals to reduce the negativeaffects of hospitalization. Storytelling can be given as distraction to the fears a child experiences during treatment. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of storytelling againts fear due to hospitalization in school- age children in hospital. This study is a quantitative study with a quasi-experimental researchdesign and the method used in non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design. Subjects in this study consisted of two groups namely the intervention first group (storytelling) and second group namely the control group.The total number of respondens was n=32, at the Harapan Kita Maternity and Children Hospital in Jakarta. Respondent data collection using a block system conducted from June to July 2020. Bivariat analysis results show that storytelling intervention has a significant effect on reducing fear of hospitalization of school-age children in hospitals before and afteradministration of the intervention (P value =0,000 < 0,05). In addition, there is also a significant deifference between the fear score in the intervention group and the control group (P value = 0,000 < ). Storytelling can be applied in nursing care of pediatric patients in hospitals to help minimize trauma or fear of children."