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"Infeksi HIV-1 merupakan salah satu permasalahan kesehatan di Indonesia yang perlu diteliti untuk mendapatkan strategi intervensi yang sesuai dengan galur virus yang bersirkulasi di Indonesia. Untuk pengembangan kultur galur HIV Indonesia, diperlukan antibodi spesifik terhadap protein awal HIV-1 yaitu Tat dan Rev sebagai marka infeksi HIV pada sel yang terinfeksi HIV-1. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan plasmid pengekspresi bagian immunodominant protein fusi Tat dan Rev pada sistem ekspresi mamalia agar dapat dimanfaatkan untuk menginduksi pembentukan antibodi spesifik pada hewan coba mamalia. Susunan DNA penyandi protein fusi Tat dan Rev didapat dengan melakukan analisis optimasi kodon penyandi susunan asam amino protein fusi menggunakan piranti lunak GenScript, untuk mendapatkan nilai Codon Adaptation Index CAI > 0.80 pada sistem ekspresi mamalia. Susunan nukleotida yang diperoleh kemudian diberikan tambahan susunan nukleotida situs restriksi pada bagian 5 rsquo; dan 3 rsquo; untuk memudahkan pengklonaan ke dalam vektor ekspresi dan dipesan ke penyedia jasa sintesis asam nukleat. Potongan DNA sisipan TatRev, penyandi protein fusi TatdanRev diperoleh dari penyedia jasa sintesis dalam bentuk terklona dalam plasmid pUC19. Agar dapat terekspresi dalam sistem ekspresi mamalia, DNA sisipan dipotong dengan enzim restriksi KpnI dan HindIII dari plasmid pUC19 dan disubklona ke dalam situs restriksi KpnI dan HindIII pada plasmid pTriEx-4. Analisis restriksi enzim Kpn I dan Hind III plasmid rekombinan yang diperoleh dengan elektroforesis jel agarosa menunjukkan adanya dua pita yang bermigrasi sesuai ukuran plasmid pTriEx-4 dan DNA sisipan TatRev, yaitu sebesar 5000 pb dan 600 pb.

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HIV 1 infection is one of the health problems in Indonesia that is necessary to be studied in order to obtain intervension strategies that is in accordance with the circulating viral strains in Indonesia. In order to develop culture of Indonesian HIV strainss, specific antibodies towards early proteins of HIV, namely Tat and Rev, that are markers of HIV infection in HIV 1 infected cells. This study is aimed at obtaining a plasmid for expression of immunodominant region of Tat and Rev fusion protein in mammalian expression system to be used for stimulation of specific antibody formation in mammals as experimental animal. Nucleotide sequence of DNA encoding the Tat and Rev fusion protein was obtained by codon optimization analysis of the amino acid sequence of the fusion protein using the GenScript software, to obtain a Codon Adaptation Index CAI 0.80 for mammalian expression system. The nucleotide sequence that is obtained was then added with recognition sequences for enzymatic restriction at the 5 rsquo and 3 rsquo end to facilitate cloning into expression vector, and requested to a service provider for nucleic acid synthesis. The TatRev insert DNA, encoding the fusion protein of Tat and Rev was obtained from the nucleic acid synthesis service provider in the formed of cloned DNA in the plasmid pUC19. For expression in mammalian expression system, the insert DNA was restricted using restriction enzymes KpnI and HindIII from the pUC19 plasmid and subcloned into the KpnI and HindIII restriction sites in plasmid pTriEx 4. Agarose gel electrophoresis analysis of KpnI and HindIII enzymatic restriction of the resulting recombinant plasmid showed the presence of two bands that migrated according to the sizes of the plasmid pTriEx 4 and the TatRev insert DNA, namely 5000 bp and 600 bp."

"Latar belakang: Preparasi spermatozoa dengan metode swim-up (SU) dapatmeningkatkan kualitas spermatozoa sehingga meningkatkan kemungkinan konsepsi untuk pasangan yang akan menjalani inseminasi intrauterin (IIU), tetapi angka keberhasilan IIU masih rendah. Pentoksifilin (PTX) adalah senyawa yang menginhibisi kerja enzim Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) phosphodiesterase (PDE) yang dapat meningkatkan motilitas spermatozoa dan merupakan senyawa antioksidanyang melindungi spermatozoa dari kerusakan DNA dari radikal bebas.Tujuan: Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh pemberian suplemen PTX terhadap motilitas dan fragmentasi DNA spermatozoa.Metode: Sample semen diperoleh dari pasangan infertil yang akan menjalani terapi IIU. analisis semen dilakukan sebelum dan sesudah dilakukannya preparasi spermatozoa dan dilanjutkan dengan pemberian PTX dalam tiga konsentrasi berbeda: 50µg (SU1), 100µg (SU2), dan 200µg (SU3). Selain motilitas spermatozoa, pengukuran IFD spermatozoa sebagai parameter fungsional spermatozoa jugadilakukan sebelum pencucian, sesudah pencucian, dan sesudah suplementasi PTX dengan metodesperm chromatin dispersion (SCD).Hasil: Motilitas spermatozoa meningkat dan presentase IFD menurun setelah dilakukan pencucian dengan metode SU (setelah SU) dibandingkan dengan semen utuh (sebelum SU).Suplementasi dengan PTX dalam konsentrasi 200 ug setelah SU menunjukan peningkatan presentase motilitas spermatozoa dan penurunan DFI tertinggi. Dari ketiga konsentrasi, hanya PTX 200 ug menunjukan hasil yang signifikan secara statistik dalam meningkatkan rata-rata motilitas spermatozoa (p=0.005) sedangkan rata-rata DFI menurun setelah SU dan suplementasi PTX namun tidak signifikan secara statistik. (p>0.05).Konklusi: Suplementasi dengan PTX dapat meningkatkan motilitas spermatozoa secara signifikan dan menurunkan IFD secara tidak signifikan, sehingga suplementasi PTX dapat digunakan untuk memilih spermatozoa dengan kualitas yang lebih baik.

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Introduction: Sperm preparationusing swim-up (SU) method is commonly done which may increase the chance of conception inintrauterine insemination (IUI). However, the success rate is still low. Pentoxifylline (PTX) is Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor which may increase spermatozoa motility and also acts as antioxidant, preventing DNA damage due to reactive oxygen species (ROS).

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the effect of PTX supplementation in increasing spermatozoa quality by increasing spermatozoa motility and decreasing DNA fragmentation index (DFI)

Method(s): Semen samples were obtained from infertile couple who seek IUI treatment. Semen analysis was performed before and after spermatozoa preparation using SU method then followed by incubating the samples with PTX in three different dose: 50µg (SU1), 100µg (SU2), and 200µg (SU3). Aside from spermatozoa motility, DFI acts as a functional parameter of spermatozoa and was performed using Sperm chromatin dispersion (SCD) test to assess DNA fragmentation in whole semen and prepared sample as well as after supplementation with PTX.

Result(s): The mean spermatozoa motility increased and DFI decreased in prepared spermatozoa (after-SU) compared to whole semen (before SU). PTX supplementation in 200 µg showed the highest increase in spermatozoa motility and reduction of DFI. However, only 200 µg of PTX is statistically significant to increase spermatozoa motility ((p=0.005), while there is no statistically significant result in the reduction of DFI after SU and PTX supplementation. (p>0.05).

Conclusion(s): After PTX supplementation, spermatozoa motility increased significantly and DFI decreased insignificantly thus PTX supplementation may select spermatozoa with better quality.

"

"ABSTRAKPendahuluan: Hiperemesis gravidarum adalah keluhan mual dan muntah pada perempuan hamil yang mengganggu aktivitas sehari-hari dan menimbulkan komplikasi. Komplikasi yang dapat terjadi adalah ketonuria, dehidrasi, hipokalemia, dan penurunan berat badan lebih dari 3 kg atau 5 berat badan. Untuk mengatasi hal ini diperlukan tatalaksana farmakoterapi berjenjang menggunakan metoklopramid atau ondansetron. Harga ondansetron yang lebih mahal daripada metoklopramid dapat meningkatkan biaya perawatan pasien hiperemesis gravidarum. Dengan efektivitas yang sama dan harga yang berbeda, perlu dilakukan kajian farmakoekonomi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efektivitas dan biaya obat ondansetron yang digunakan pada pasien hiperemesis gravidarum dengan biaya BPJS di RSCM periode tahun 2012 sampai 2016.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian potong lintang, dengan menggunakan rekam medis dari 60 pasien hiperemesis gravidarum yang dirawat di ruang perawatan kelas-3 RSCM dalam periode 2012-2016. Analisis farmakoekonomi dilakukan berdasarkan keluaran klinis yang terdiri dari efektivitas dan biaya perawatan biaya langsung . Efektivitas dinilai berdasarkan jumlah hari sampai keluhan mual dan muntah menghilang setelah pemberian tatalaksana antiemetik ondansetron atau tatalaksana antiemetik tanpa ondansetron.Hasil: Sebagian besar subjek penelitian menderita hiperemesis gravidarum tingkat I sampai II, dengan rentang usia antara 18 tahun hingga 39 tahun, rerata usia gestasi 12 minggu, dan jumlah graviditas ke-1 sampai ke-5. Efektivitas kedua obat antiemetik, secara statistik tidak berbeda bermakna, yang dilihat dari hari ke berapa keluhan menghilang P=0,370 . Tidak diperoleh informasi efek samping obat ondansetron atau metoklopramid dari rekam medis pasien. Dari perhitungan analisis minimalisisasi biaya AMiB diperoleh hasil bahwa biaya rerata per pasien dengan ondansetron dibandingkan tanpa ondansetron tidak berbeda bermakna P=0,966 .Kesimpulan: Tidak terdapat perbedaan efektivitas dan efisiensi biaya pada penggunaan ondansetron dibandingkan metoklopramid untuk tatalaksana hiperemesis gravidarum. Diperlukan penelitian prospektif dengan jumlah subjek penelitian yang lebih banyak di pusat pelayanan kesehatan primer.

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ABSTRACTIntroduction Hyperemesis gravidarum is defined as presence of nausea and vomiting in pregnancy which interfere daily activities and cause complications. Complications that can occur are ketonuria, dehydration, hypokalemia, and weight loss more than 3 kg or 5 weight. In order to overcome this problem, it is necessary to have a pharmacotherapy course with metoclopramide or ondansetron. Ondansetron is more expensive than metoclopramide. It can increase the cost of treating hyperemesis gravidarum patients. With the same effectiveness and different prices, a pharmacoeconomic study needs to be done. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness and cost of ondansetron drugs used for hyperemesis gravidarum patients in RSCM Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo period 2012 until 2016.Method This is a cross sectional study, using a medical record of 60 hyperemesis gravidarum patients treated in RSCM 3rd class treatment rooms within the period 2012 2016. Pharmacoeconomic analysis is performed on the basis of clinical outcomes consisting of effectiveness and direct cost. Effectiveness is assessed by the number of days of clinical improvement following administration of ondansetron antiemetics or non ondansetron antiemetic management. Result Most of the study subjects are grade I to II hyperemesis gravidarum patients, with a study subject span between 18 years to 39 years old, the mean of gestational age was 12 weeks gestation, and the number of gravidities 1 to 5. The effectiveness of both antiemetic drugs, statistically not significantly different, seen from day to how the complaint disappeared P 0.370 . No information on side effects of ondansetron or metoclopramide drugs from patient medical records was obtained. From the calculation of cost minimization analysis AMiB obtained the result that the average cost per patient with ondansetron compared without ondansetron not significantly different P 0,966 . Conclusion There is no difference in effectiveness and cost efficiency in use ondansetron versus metoclopramide for the management of hyperemesis gravidarum. A prospective study is required with a larger number of study subjects in primary care centers. "

"Identification of new HIV infection in a population is required for the evaluation of intervention strategy of HIV-1 transmission. The avidity assay has been promoted for estimation of HIV incidence. Avidity assay is an assay based on affinity strength of the epitopes of the HIV antigen against its specific corresponding antibodies. The antigen - antibody complex that is formed in the initial phase of infection is relatively weak and easy to break with chaotropic reagents. In contrary, the antigen-antibody binding in long-term infection is strong and not easily broken by addition of chaotropic reagents. Commercial avidity assays are available, however the antigens used might not be compatible with the circulating HIV strains in Indonesia. In order to identify the most appropriate antigen candidate for avidity assay, three structural proteins from HIV were used in this research namely, p24, IDR-gp41 and ID2-Pol from circulating HIV strains in Indonesia. The avidity assay was performed based on ELISA with sodium citrate, pH 3, chaotropic reagent. Serum samples were previously determined for their reactivity to HIV antigen by the Indonesian Red Cross. Each of the samples was tested in triplicate. The results of the avidity index were compared with the corresponding pattern of reactivity shown by Western Blotting. Comparative analysis of the avidity index using the IDR-Gp41 antigen showed correlation of increased value of avidity index with the completeness of the Western Blot reactivity pattern. This finding, however, not true in antigen ID2-Pol, and p24. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that IDR-Gp41 antigen has potential to be used in HIV avidity assay that is based on circulating strains of HIV in Indonesia.

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Penentuan infeksi baru HIV-1 pada level populasi diperlukan guna evaluasi strategi intervensi pencegahan penularan HIV-1.  Uji aviditas telah diajukan sebagai salah satu uji deteksi HIV-1. Prinsip uji aviditas adalah kekuatan afinitas epitope antigen HIV terhadap antibodi spesifik yang mengenali epitop tersebut. Ikatan antigen - antibodi yang terbentuk pada fase awal infeksi merupakan ikatan yang lemah dan mudah diputuskan dengan pemberian reagensia chaotropic. Pada fase infeksi lama, ikatan antigen - antibodi yang terbentuk merupakan ikatan yang kuat sehingga tidak mudah diputuskan oleh pemberian reagensia chaotropic. Uji aviditas komersial telah tersedia namun antigen yang digunakan belum tentu sesuai dengan galur HIV yang beredar di Indonesia. Pada penelitian ini digunakan 3 kandidat antigen yaitu p24, IDR-gp41 dan ID2-Pol dari galur HIV yang beredar di Indonesia, untuk menentukan kandidat yang sesuai. Uji aviditas dilakukan dengan prinsip ELISA dengan sodium sitrat pH 3 sebagai reagensia chaotropic. Sampel yang diujikan adalah sampel serum yang telah ditentukan reaktivitasnya sebagai positif dan negatif oleh Palang Merah Indonesia. Sampel diuji secara triplikat. Hasil indeks aviditas sampel dibandingkan dengan pola reaktivitasnya pada uji Western Blot. Sampel dengan indeks aviditas tinggi akan menunjukkan korelasi dengan kelengkapan pola pita reaktivitas uji Western Blot. Analisis perbandingan menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan nilai indeks aviditas yang menggunakan antigen IDR-Gp41 berkorelasi dengan kelengkapan pola reaktivitas uji Western Blot. Hal ini tidak ditemukan pada pengujian menggunakan antigen IDR-Pol2, dan p24. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa antigen IDR-Gp41 berpotensi untuk digunakan lebih lanjut dalam pengembangan uji aviditas HIV berbasis galur HIV yang beredar di Indonesia."

"Latar belakang: Aspergilosis paru kronik (APK) merupakan komplikasi yang sering menyebabkan munculnya sekuela respiratori pada pasien bekas tuberkulosis (TB) paru. Diagnosis APK dapat dilakukan dengan pemeriksaan serologi IgG spesifik Aspergillus. Metode tersebut memerlukan waktu tertentu, sumber daya, dan fasilitas khusus, sehingga sulit diterapkan di fasilitas kesehatan dengan sumber daya terbatas. Metode baru Immunocromatography Test (ICT) LD Bio Aspergillus dilaporkan lebih mudah digunakan, cepat dan murah; tetapi akurasi diagnostiknya belum diketahui di Indonesia. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui akurasi diagnostik LD Bio ICT Aspergillus dibandingkan dengan IgG spesifik Aspergillus pada pasien bekas TB. Metode: Penelitian dengan desain potong lintang ini dilakukan dari April 2019 – Oktober 2020. Perekrutan subjek dilakukan di RSUP Persahabatan dan prosedur pemeriksaan mikologi dilakukan di Laboratorium Parasitologi FKUI. Serum pasien bekas TB diperiksa menggunakan LD Bio ICT Aspergillus dan IgG spesifik Aspergillus Dynamiker ELISA. Hasil kedua pemeriksaan dibandingkan untuk melihat akurasi diagnosis LD Bio ICT. Hasil: Dari 82 pasien yang sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi, terdapat 57 pasien (69,5%) laki-laki, rerata usia pasien 51,27±12,55 tahun. Median IMT 18,67 (10,38-31,18). Sebanyak 40 pasien (48,7%) menunjukkan hasil positif IgG spesifik Aspergillus. Adapun hasil positif LD Bio ICT Aspergillus didapatkan pada 35 pasien (42,7%). Sensitivitas dan spesifisitas LD Bio ICT dibandingkan dengan pemeriksaan IgG spesifik Aspergillus adalah 50,0% dan 64,3%, sedangkan nilai duga positif dan negatifnya adalah 57,1% dan 57,5%. Simpulan: LD Bio ICT dapat digunakan untuk mendiagnosis APK pada pasien bekas TB Paru di fasilitas kesehatan dengan sumber daya terbatas.

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Background: Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA) is a common complication following prior pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) causing respiratory sequelae. Although CPA may lead to worse prognosis, it is still underdiagnosed. Serology test such as Aspergillus-specific IgG is the recommended test for CPA diagnosis. However, this diagnostic procedure is time-consuming, require a lot of resources and certain skills, making this procedure not always easy to implement in limited facilities. The LDBio Diagnostic introduced a novel, affordable, and easy to use serology test, LD Bio Immunocromatography Test (ICT). Nevertheless, LD Bio ICT’s diagnostic accuracy in Indonesia is still unknown.

Study aims: This study aimed to determine the diagnostic accuracy of LD Bio ICT with Aspergillus-specific IgG as comparison in previous pulmonary TB patients.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in April 2019 – October 2020. Subject recrutment was done in National Referral Centre Persahabatan Hospital and serological test was conducted in the Parasitology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia. Eighty two sera of previous pulmonary TB patients were serologically tested using LD Bio ICT Aspergillus (France) and Aspergillus-specific IgG was tested using Dynamiker ELISA kit. Results of both tests were then compared to determine the diagnostic accuracy of LD Bio ICT.

Results: Of 82 patients met the inclusion criteria, 57 patients (69.5%) were men, the mean age was 51.27±12.55 years old. The BMI median was 18.67 (10.38-31.18). Forty patients (48.7%) showed positive Aspergillus-specific IgG Dynamiker results. Meanwhile, 35 patients (42.7%) showed positive results of LD Bio ICT Aspergillus. Compared to this finding, LD Bio ICT sensitivity and specificity were 50.0% and 64.3% respectively. In addition, the positive and negative prediction value of LD Bio ICT in this study were 57.1% and 57.5%.

Summary: LD Bio ICT is useful for the diagnosis of CPA in previous pulmonary TB patients in resource-limited settings."

"[ABSTRAK Latar Belakang: Pasien asma dengan tingkat kontrol yang buruk dan adanyakomorbiditas seperti gangguan depresi dan stres psikososial akan memengaruhikualitas hidup pasien asma serta meningkatkan beban dan biaya ekonomi yangharus ditanggung oleh pasien dan keluarganya. Untuk itu perlu diketahuihubungan antara gangguan depresi dengan kualitas hidup, stresor psikososial, dantingkat kontrol asma pada pasien asma.Metode: Penelitian cross-sectional deskriptif-analitik pada 37 pasien asma yangmemiliki gangguan depresi dan 37 pasien asma yang tidak memiliki gangguandepresi di Poliklinik Alergi dan Imunologi RSUPN Dr. Cipto MangunkusumoJakarta menggunakan Structured Clinical Interview for DSM IV Disorder(SCID)1,instrumen World Health Organization Quality Of Life (WHOQOL)-BREF,instrumen stresor psikososialHolmes & Rahe, dan kuesioner Ashtma Control Test(ACT).Hasil: Terdapat hubungan antara ada tidaknya gangguan depresi pada pasien asmadengan skor kualitas hidup berdasarkan kesehatan fisik (p < 0,001), skor kualitashidup berdasarkan kesehatan psikologis (p < 0,001), skor kualitas hidupberdasarkan relasi sosial (p = 0,023), skor kualitas hidup berdasarkan lingkungan(p = 0,022), stresor psikososial (OR 3,85; p = 0,005), dan tingkat kontrol asma (p= 0,001).Simpulan: Pasien asma yang memiliki gangguan depresi cenderung memilikiskor kualitas hidup yang lebih rendah pada domain kesehatan fisik, kesehatanpsikologis, relasi sosial, dan lingkungan dibandingkan pasien asma yang tidakmemiliki gangguan depresi. Pasien asma yang mengalami stresor psikososial yangtinggi berisiko 3,8 kali untuk memiliki gangguan depresi. Pasien asma yangmemiliki gangguan depresi cenderung memiliki skor tingkat kontrol asma yang lebih rendah dibandingkan pasien asma yang tidak memiliki gangguan depresi. ABSTRACT Background: Asthmatic patients with poor control level and the presence of

comorbid disorders such as depression and psychosocial stress will affect the

quality of life of asthmatic patients and increases the burden and economic costs

for patient and his family. We investigated the correlation between depressive

disorders, quality of life, psychosocial stressors, and level of asthma control in

asthmatic patients.

Methods: The study was cross-sectional descriptive-analytic in 37 asthmatic

patients with depressive disorder and 37 asthmatic patients without depressive

disorder in the Allergy and Immunology Clinic RSUPN Dr. Cipto

Mangunkusumo using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Disorder

(SCID)-1, World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL)-BREF

questionnaire, Holmes & Rahe psychosocial stressors questionnaire, and Ashtma

Control Test (ACT) questionnaire.

Results: There is arelation between the presence of depressive disorders and

lower quality of life scores based on physical health (p <0.001), quality of life

scores based on psychological health (p <0.001), quality of life scores based on

social relations (p = 0.023), quality of life scores based on the environment (p =

0.022), psychosocial stressors (OR 3.85; p = 0.005), and the level of asthma

control (p = 0.001) in asthmatic patients.

Conclusion: Asthmatic patients with depressive disorders tend to have lower

quality of life score in all domains (physical health, psychological health, social

relationships, and environment) than asthmatic patients without depressive

disorders. Asthmaticpatients who have psychosocial stressors have risk 3.8 times

higher to have depressive disorders. Asthmatic patients with depressive disorders tend to have lower level of asthma control scores than asthmatic patients without depressive disorders.;Background: Asthmatic patients with poor control level and the presence of

comorbid disorders such as depression and psychosocial stress will affect the

quality of life of asthmatic patients and increases the burden and economic costs

for patient and his family. We investigated the correlation between depressive

disorders, quality of life, psychosocial stressors, and level of asthma control in

asthmatic patients.

Methods: The study was cross-sectional descriptive-analytic in 37 asthmatic

patients with depressive disorder and 37 asthmatic patients without depressive

disorder in the Allergy and Immunology Clinic RSUPN Dr. Cipto

Mangunkusumo using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Disorder

(SCID)-1, World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL)-BREF

questionnaire, Holmes & Rahe psychosocial stressors questionnaire, and Ashtma

Control Test (ACT) questionnaire.

Results: There is arelation between the presence of depressive disorders and

lower quality of life scores based on physical health (p <0.001), quality of life

scores based on psychological health (p <0.001), quality of life scores based on

social relations (p = 0.023), quality of life scores based on the environment (p =

0.022), psychosocial stressors (OR 3.85; p = 0.005), and the level of asthma

control (p = 0.001) in asthmatic patients.

Conclusion: Asthmatic patients with depressive disorders tend to have lower

quality of life score in all domains (physical health, psychological health, social

relationships, and environment) than asthmatic patients without depressive

disorders. Asthmaticpatients who have psychosocial stressors have risk 3.8 times

higher to have depressive disorders. Asthmatic patients with depressive disorders tend to have lower level of asthma control scores than asthmatic patients without depressive disorders.;Background: Asthmatic patients with poor control level and the presence of

comorbid disorders such as depression and psychosocial stress will affect the

quality of life of asthmatic patients and increases the burden and economic costs

for patient and his family. We investigated the correlation between depressive

disorders, quality of life, psychosocial stressors, and level of asthma control in

asthmatic patients.

Methods: The study was cross-sectional descriptive-analytic in 37 asthmatic

patients with depressive disorder and 37 asthmatic patients without depressive

disorder in the Allergy and Immunology Clinic RSUPN Dr. Cipto

Mangunkusumo using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Disorder

(SCID)-1, World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL)-BREF

questionnaire, Holmes & Rahe psychosocial stressors questionnaire, and Ashtma

Control Test (ACT) questionnaire.

Results: There is arelation between the presence of depressive disorders and

lower quality of life scores based on physical health (p <0.001), quality of life

scores based on psychological health (p <0.001), quality of life scores based on

social relations (p = 0.023), quality of life scores based on the environment (p =

0.022), psychosocial stressors (OR 3.85; p = 0.005), and the level of asthma

control (p = 0.001) in asthmatic patients.

Conclusion: Asthmatic patients with depressive disorders tend to have lower

quality of life score in all domains (physical health, psychological health, social

relationships, and environment) than asthmatic patients without depressive

disorders. Asthmaticpatients who have psychosocial stressors have risk 3.8 times

higher to have depressive disorders. Asthmatic patients with depressive disorders tend to have lower level of asthma control scores than asthmatic patients without depressive disorders., Background: Asthmatic patients with poor control level and the presence of

comorbid disorders such as depression and psychosocial stress will affect the

quality of life of asthmatic patients and increases the burden and economic costs

for patient and his family. We investigated the correlation between depressive

disorders, quality of life, psychosocial stressors, and level of asthma control in

asthmatic patients.

Methods: The study was cross-sectional descriptive-analytic in 37 asthmatic

patients with depressive disorder and 37 asthmatic patients without depressive

disorder in the Allergy and Immunology Clinic RSUPN Dr. Cipto

Mangunkusumo using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Disorder

(SCID)-1, World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL)-BREF

questionnaire, Holmes & Rahe psychosocial stressors questionnaire, and Ashtma

Control Test (ACT) questionnaire.

Results: There is arelation between the presence of depressive disorders and

lower quality of life scores based on physical health (p <0.001), quality of life

scores based on psychological health (p <0.001), quality of life scores based on

social relations (p = 0.023), quality of life scores based on the environment (p =

0.022), psychosocial stressors (OR 3.85; p = 0.005), and the level of asthma

control (p = 0.001) in asthmatic patients.

Conclusion: Asthmatic patients with depressive disorders tend to have lower

quality of life score in all domains (physical health, psychological health, social

relationships, and environment) than asthmatic patients without depressive

disorders. Asthmaticpatients who have psychosocial stressors have risk 3.8 times

higher to have depressive disorders. Asthmatic patients with depressive disorders tend to have lower level of asthma control scores than asthmatic patients without depressive disorders.]"