"Research on villages have been done by esperts from diverse discipline. Those kinds of research have also been carried out in different places in Indonesia. In Bali Many similar researches have been conducted by both local and international experts.
However, the previous studies conducted are merely focused on analyzing some aspects of the village such as the governmental administration, politcs, economy, social culture and resources. Bali has two types of villages, that give services to the public; they are State Administrative Village (desa Dinas) and Traditional Village (Desa pakraman). The Previous experts have not yet done research on the public services in both types of villages.
This present research is focused on analyzing public services by the State Administrative Village an The Tradisional Village in Wongaya Gerde Village, Tabanan Regency. The Method used in this research in a qualitative method. The objectives of this research are to describle public services provides by both types of villages; to analyze whether the public services geve by those villages can be synergized and how that can be done. The theories used for the analyzis are (1) the theory of administration development and the empowerment of the society; (2) the theory of decentralitation and local government; (3) and the theory of public services.
The State Administrative Village and the Tradisional Village, have different historical backgrounds in terms of their formation. These villages have their respective function and duties. The Traditional village is formed by the community for the community itself so it has a true autonomy. The main duties and functions of the Traditional Village are to give services to the society especially in the field of the social aspect, local custom, culture and religion. The State Administrative Village was first formed by the Colonial Government for its own bemefits. At the beginning. The State Administrative Village only gives services in the field of governmental administration and other governmental duties. Since the time decentralitation was introduced in Indonesia. In giving public services both villages undergo difficulties, since the independence era, government used the State Administative Village as the centre of government in running the government Administration.
From the era of old 0rder (Orde Lama) to the New Order (Orde Baru) the Traditional Village was marginalized. This is due to the introduction of the unifying concept of villages which was centrally regulated by the government. During the reformation era, the regulation No. 32 Year 2003 was implemented and the existence of the Traditional Village was acknowledged for its role in giving public services in order to improve the welfare of the community.
The Study shows that the Traditional Village has more privilege position, in the society because the society pays more respect to the Traditional Village in terms of the public services given to the society. Because in carrying out in activities, the Traditional Village is guided by the traditional law (Awig-awig). The members of the society obey this traditional law because they feel that the social punishment is much severer then the punishment of paying fine.
It is found that the are nine services provides by the State Administrative and Traditional Village, they are; (1) in the field of religion, (2) in the field of development, (3) in the field of environment, (4) in the field security, (5) In the field of economy, () in the filed of society welfare, (7) in the field of conflicts of custom, and (8) in the field of government.
Those services can be jointly provided by both types of village. The fields that can be synergized in providing services to the society are in the field of religion, development, government. Security, and economy. This can be done through coordination and consultation in implementing those service programs. In this case regulation are needed to control the coordination and consultation between both types of villages so that both of the villages can live in harmony and they can avoid conflicts of interest."
