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"Pada wanita hamil trimester kedua terjadi peningkatan kebutuhan besi. Defisiensi besi yang terjadi pada awal kehamilan akan menjadi anemia defisiensi besi pada akhir kehamilan. Defisiensi besi pada kehamilan dapat menimbulkan komplikasi seperti perdarahan akibat atonia uteri. Akhir-akhir ini dikembangkan parameter baru untuk mendeteksi defisiensi besi yaitu soluble transferrin receptor serum (sTfR) yang diharapkan tidak dipengaruhi oleh adanya inflamasi. Penggabungan parameter kadar feritin dan sTfR menjadi rasio sTfR 1 log. feritin diharapkan lebih baik dalam deteksi defisiensi besi. Pada penelitian secara potong lintang pada 108 wanita hamil primigravida trimester kedua didapatkan proporsi defisiensi besi sebesar 43,5% terdiri dari defisiensi besi tahap I sebesar 31,5% ; defisiensi besi tahap II sebesar 8,3% dan defisiensi besi tahap III sebesar 3,7%. Dijumpai 8 (7,4%) wanita hamil dengan anemia, 4 (3,7%) orang diantaranya disebabkan karena defsiensi besi. Pemeriksaan kadar sTfR menggunakan cara imunonephelometri. Dari hasil penelitian ini didapatkan nilai median kadar sTfR pads wanita hamil tanpa defisiensi besi (n=61) sebesar 1,3 mg/L ( 0,97 - 2,32 mg/L), pada defisiensi besi tahap I (n=34) sebesar 1,6 mg/L ( 0,92 - 3,26 mg/L), pada defisiensi besi tahap II (n=9) ditemukan rentang nilai 1,19 - 2,64 mg/L dan pada defisiensi besi tahap III (n=4) ditemukan rentang nilai 3,03 - 5,16 mg/L. Kadar sTfR pada defisiensi besi tahap I Iebih tinggi dibanding tanpa defisiensi besi, pada defisiensi besi tahap II dan III tampak lebih tinggi dibanding defisiensi besi tahap I. Rasio sTfR / log. feritin pada wanita hamil tanpa defisiensi besi didapatkan nilai median 0,68 (0,46-1,34); defisiensi besi tahap I sebesar 1,26 (0,71-3,54); defisiensi besi tahap II didapatkan rentang nilai 0,94-3,22 dan pada defisiensi besi tahap III sebesar 4,28-14,74. Rasio sTfR 1 log. feritin pada defisiensi besi tahap I Iebih tinggi dibanding tanpa defisiensi besi. Pada 50% wanita hamil didapatkan peningkatan kadar CRP. Kadar sTfR pada kadar CRP meningkat maupun normal tidak ditemukan adanya perbedaan yang bermakna. Kadar feritin dan sTfR ditemukan korelasi negatif dengan kekuatan sedang (r = - 0,676; r2 = 0,46); dan sebesar 46% penurunan feritin yang disertai dengan peningkatan kadar sTfR. Pada 47 wanita hamil dengan defisiensi besi ditemukan 19% subyek dengan peningkatan kadar sTfR, sedangkan peningkatan rasio sTfR 1 log. feritin dijumpai pada 55% subyek. Penghitungan rasio sTfR / log. feritin lebih baik dibandingkan hanya memakai kadar sTfR saja dalam hal mendeteksi defisiensi besi. Disarankan untuk melakukan penelitian lebih lanjut untuk membuktikan bahwa rasio sTfR 1 log. feritin yang lebih sensitif dalam hal mendeteksi adanya defisiensi besi, dengan memakai pemeriksaan baku emas untuk mengetahui cadangan besi yaitu pemeriksaan cadangan besi di dalam sum-sum tulang.

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In the pregnant women second trimester, the iron demand is increased. Iron deficiency that occurs in the early pregnancy can develop to be iron deficiency anemia. One of the complications of iron deficiency in pregnant women is bleeding due to atonia uteri. Recently there is a new parameter for detection iron deficiency, i.e. soluble transferring receptor serum (sTfR), which is not influenced by inflammation process. We hope that the use of ratio sTfR/ log. feritin will be better than sTfR alone in the detection of iron deficiency. This is a cross sectional study, with 108 pregnant women who were in the second trimester of their 1 6' pregnancy, as subjects. The proportion of iron deficiency is 43,5%; 31,5% had level I iron deficiency; 8,3% had level II iron deficiency and 3,7% was level III. We found 8 (7,4%) pregnant women with anemia; 4 (3,7%) was caused by iron deficiency. We measure sTfR level by immunonephelometry. The result of this research showed that the median of sTfR level in pregnant women without iron deficiency (n=61) was 1,3 mg/L (0,97 - 2,32 mg1L); level i iron deficiency (n=34) was 1,6 mg1L (0,92 - 3,26 mg1L). The range of sTfR value in level II was 1,19 -2,64 mg1L and in the level III (n=4) was 3,03 - 5,16 mg/L. The sTfR level in level I iron deficiency was higher than in pregnant women without iron deficiency. in level II and Ill sTfR was apparently higher than level I iron deficiency. Soluble transferring receptor 1 log. feritin ratio in pregnant women without iron deficiency (n=61) the median value was 0,68 (0,46 -1,34); in the level I iron deficiency (n=34) was 1,26 (0,71 - 3,54). The range in level II iron deficiency was 0,94 - 3,22 and in level III iron deficiency was 4,28-14,74. The sTfR 1 log. feritin in the level I iron deficiency was higher than without iron deficiency. In this research we found that CRP level were increased in 50% subjects. The sTfR level in the higher CRP level was not different from the normal CRP level. Feritin and sTfR level in the iron deficiency state was negatively correlated with moderate strength (r 0,676; rr=0,46) and 46% of subjects showed decreased feritin level associated with increased sTfR level. In the 47 pregnant women with iron deficiency; increased sTfR level was found in 19% of subjects and the ratio sTfR 1 log. feritin was found in 55% of subjects. The sTfR 1 log. feritin ratio was better than sTfR level in the detection of iron deficiency. We suggested to continue this research to prove that sTfR 1 log. feritin ratio more sensitive in the detection of iron deficiency, with the bone marrow iron stores as gold standard."

"Latar Belakang: Defisiensi vitamin A pada kehamilan adalah masalah kesehatan di masyarakat. Namun hipervitaminosis A juga memiliki potensi teratogenik pada kehamilan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara asupan vitamin A dan kadar vitamin A serum pada kehamilan trimester pertama. Metode: Desain penelitian adalah studi potong-lintang. Data adalah data sekunder yang diambil dari penelitian primer pada ibu hamil di Jakarta. Kadar vitamin A diperolah dari hasil pemeriksaan laboratorium. Asupan vitamin A diperoleh dari pengisian food frequency questionaire oleh responden. Data yang diperoleh diolah dengan perangkat lunak SPSS for windows v.20.0. Hasil: Hasil uji deskriptif memperlihatkan 97,4% memiliki kadar vitamin A serum yang cukup dan tidak ada subjek yang mengalami defisiensi vitamin A. Sebanyak 57,9% subjek mendapat asupan vitamin A yang memadai. Uji korelasi antara kadar vitamin A serum pada wanita hamil trimester pertama dan asupan vitamin A menunjukan nilai p 0,542. Kesimpulan: Tidak ada korelasi yang berbeda bermakna antara kadar vitamin A subjek dan asupan vitamin A. Jumlah asupan vitamin A harian pada wanita hamil trimester pertama tidak perlu diatur dengan ketat.

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Background: Vitamin A deficiency in pregnancy is a health problem in society. However, hypervitaminosis A is also has a teratogenic potency in pregnancy, The objective of this research is to find out the relation between vitamin A intake with serum vitamin A level in Pregnant Women in 1st Trimester.

Method: This is a cross-sectional study using secondary data from primary research done to pregnant women in Jakarta. The data of vitamin A intake are obtained from the food frequency questionnaire filled by the respondent. The data of serum vitamin A level are obtained by laboratory examination. The data is then analyzed by using SPSS for windows v.20.0 software.

Result: The test shows that 97.4% of the subject already have appropriate serum vitamin A level and no subject suffers from vitamin A deficiency. It is also found that 57.9% of the subject have adequate vitamin A intake. Correlation test has been done on serum vitamin A level in pregnant woman in 1st Trimester and the vitamin A intake shows p value of 0.542.

Conclusion: No Relation found beetween serum vitamin A level of the subject and the vitamin A intake. The amount of daily vitamin A intake in pregnant women in 1st Trimester should not be regulated strictly."

"Upaya peningkatan mutu sumber daya manusia dimulai sejak trimester I. Perubahan fisiologis dan psikologis yang terjadi mengharuskan ibu beradaptasi agar tercapai kehamilan yang sehat. Aktivitas ibu bekerja di luar rumah menyebabkan ibu memiliki beban tambahan untuk beradaptasi dibandingkan dengan ibu rumah tangga. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian dengan desain deskriptif korelasional dengan pendekatan Cross Sectional yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan perubahan fisiologis dan psikologis pada trimester I dengan kemampuan adaptasi ibu hamil yang bekerja dan ibu rumah tangga. Jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini 94 orang dengan usia kehamilan >12 minggu sampai 20 minggu ditentukan dengan cara purposive sampling. Untuk menguji hubungan antara karakteristik, perubahan fisiologis dan psikologis dengan kemampuan adaptasi ibu hamil yang bekerja dan ibu rumah tangga, uji statistik yang digunakan adalah uji Chi Square, kemudian dilakukan uji regresi logistik ganda model prediksi untuk mengetahui variabel yang paling dominan berhubungan dengan kemampuan adaptasi ibu hamil.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perencanaan merupakan variabel yang paling dominan berhubungan dengan kemampuan adaptasi ibu hamil yang bekerja dengan OR = 59,226. Demikian pula pada ibu rumah tangga dengan nilai OR = 19,079. Hal ini dapat terjadi karena melalui perencanaan ibu dapat memprediksi kemungkinan yang akan dialami selama kehamilan sehingga ibu cenderung lebih siap secara fisik dan psikologis. Oleh sebab itu perawat maternitas perlu memfasilitasi ibu atau keluarga dengan memberikan konseling pendidikan kesehatan mengenai perubahan fisik dan psikologis kehamilan dan perencanaan kehamilan melalui KB.

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The effort to improve quality of human resources starts at the first trimester of pregnancy. The pregnant women should be able to adapt with physiological and psychological changes to have a healthy pregnancy. Comparing to housewife, activities of working mother could result in additional burden for mother to be adjusted. This research is a descriptive correlation design with cross sectional approach which aims to explore the relationship of physiological and psychological changes at first trimester with adaptation of working mother and housewife being in pregnancy. The sample size was 94 women with more than 12 weeks until 20 weeks pregnancy taken by purposive sampling. To test the relationship of physiological and psychological changes at first trimester with adaptation of working mother and housewife being in pregnancy, the chi square test was used, and the test of multiple logistic regressions, model of prediction was used as well to find dominant variable related to the ability of pregnant women to adapt.

The research result indicated that the planning was a most dominant variable related to the adaptation ability of pregnant working mother with OR = 59,226 and to the adaptation ability of housewife pregnant mother with OR = 19,079. Planning of pregnancy makes mother could predict any possibilities encountered during pregnancy and mother is tend to be better prepared physically and psychologically. A maternity nurse needs to facilitate mother or family through counseling and health education on physical and psychological changes during pregnancy and to plan pregnancy with family planning."

"[ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan asupan vitamin A dan kadar retinol dengan status anemia pada dua kelompok ibu hamil trimester tiga, yaitu kelompok anemia dan non anemia. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian potong lintang yang dilaksanakan di sepuluh puskesmas kecamatan Jakarta Timur dan merupakan bagian dari penelitian besar Departemen Gizi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia yang berjudul “Peran Gizi, Faktor Maternal dan Pelayanan Kesehatan pada Ibu Hamil Trimester Ketiga terhadap Komposisi Mikrobiota Ibu dan Berat Lahir Bayi: Studi Kohort di Jakarta”. Pengambilan data dilakukan pada bulan April hingga Mei 2015. Sebanyak 113 subjek ibu hamil trimester tiga dengan usia kehamilan diatas 32 minggu ikut dalam penelitansetelah memenuhi kriteria penelitian dan dibagi dalam dua kelompok berdasarkan kadar hemoglobin yaitu anemia (Hb<11g/dL) dan non anemia (Hb≥11g/dL). Setelah itu dilakukan pengukuran antropometri, wawancara asupan, pemeriksaan hemoglobin, dan serum retinol. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi karakteristik demografi, antropometri, asupan makanan (makronutrien dan mikronutrien), kadar hemoglobin, dankadar serum retinol. Rentang usia subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah 19-44 tahun. Sebagian besar subjek (59,6%) memiliki tingkat pendidikan menengah (lulus SMP atau SMA). Rerata usia kehamilan pada subjek penelitian ini adalah 34,32 ± 1,86 minggu pada kelompok anemia dan 35,18±1,73 minggu pada kelompok non anemia.Rerata asupan protein pada kedua kelompok ibu masih berada di bawah AKG yaitu <77g/hari. Rerata asupan lemak pada kelompok anemia lebih tinggi daripada kelompok non anemia (p=0,04). Asupan Fe kedua kelompok sudah sesuai dengan AKG yaitu 40mg/hari (p=0,82). Asupan folat pada kelompok anemia lebih rendahdan kurang dari AKG dibandingkan kelompok non anemia (p=0,16).Asupan vitamin B12, hampir tidak ada perbedaan rerata antara dua kelompok dan sudah sesuai dengan AKG. Median asupan vitamin A pada kelompok non anemia lebih tinggi dari kelompok anemia (p=0,52). Rerata kadar retinol pada kelompok anemia adalah 1,40±0,50 dan pada kelompok non anemia adalah 1,45±0,44. (p=0,55).Tidak didapatkan hasil yang bermakna setelah dilakukan analisis multivariat sebagai kontrol perancu.

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ABSTRACTThe aim of the study was to determine the relationship between vitamin A and retinol levels with anemia status in two groups of three trimester pregnant women, namely the anemic and non anemic. This was a cross-sectional study conducted in ten sub-district Government Health Centre in East Jakarta and which part of a large research department of Nutrition Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, entitled "The Role of Nutrition, Maternal Factors and Maternal Health Services with the Composition of the Microbiota in Third Trimester Maternal and Infant Birth Weight : The study cohort in Jakarta". Data was collected from April untill May 2015. A total of 113 third trimester pregnant women with gestational age above 32 weeks (35.0 ± 1.8) were participated in research after met the study criterions. They were divided into two groups based on the levels of hemoglobin which were anemic (Hb<11g /dL) and non anemic(Hb≥ 11g / dL), and continue with anthropometric examination, interview and Hb measurement. The data collected included demographic characteristics, anthropometry, food intake (macronutrients and micronutrients), hemoglobin, and serum retinol. The age range of the subjects in this study was 19-44 years old. Most subjects (59.6%) had secondary education (graduated from high school or high school). The mean gestational age of the subjects was 34.32 ± 1.86 weeks in anemic group and 35.18 ± 1.73 weeks in non anemic. Mean of protein intake in both groups are still under RDA which < 77g/day. The mean of fat intake in anemic group was higher than non-anemic group (p=0.04). Iron intake in both groups are in accordance with the RDA which 40mg/day (p=0.82). Folate intake was lower in anemia group than non-anemic group (p=0.16). There was no difference between vitamin B12 intake in both group andwere in accordance with RDA. The median of vitamin A intake in non-anemic group was higher than non-anemic group (p = 0.52). The mean retinol serum levels in anemic group was 1.40 ± 0.50 and non-anemic group was 1.45 ± 0.44. (P = 0.55). No significant results obtained from multivariate analysis in order to control the confounders., The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between vitamin A and retinol levels with anemia status in two groups of three trimester pregnant women, namely the anemic and non anemic. This was a cross-sectional study conducted in ten sub-district Government Health Centre in East Jakarta and which part of a large research department of Nutrition Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, entitled "The Role of Nutrition, Maternal Factors and Maternal Health Services with the Composition of the Microbiota in Third Trimester Maternal and Infant Birth Weight : The study cohort in Jakarta". Data was collected from April untill May 2015. A total of 113 third trimester pregnant women with gestational age above 32 weeks (35.0 ± 1.8) were participated in research after met the study criterions. They were divided into two groups based on the levels of hemoglobin which were anemic (Hb<11g /dL) and non anemic(Hb≥ 11g / dL), and continue with anthropometric examination, interview and Hb measurement. The data collected included demographic characteristics, anthropometry, food intake (macronutrients and micronutrients), hemoglobin, and serum retinol. The age range of the subjects in this study was 19-44 years old. Most subjects (59.6%) had secondary education (graduated from high school or high school). The mean gestational age of the subjects was 34.32 ± 1.86 weeks in anemic group and 35.18 ± 1.73 weeks in non anemic. Mean of protein intake in both groups are still under RDA which < 77g/day. The mean of fat intake in anemic group was higher than non-anemic group (p=0.04). Iron intake in both groups are in accordance with the RDA which 40mg/day (p=0.82). Folate intake was lower in anemia group than non-anemic group (p=0.16). There was no difference between vitamin B12 intake in both group andwere in accordance with RDA. The median of vitamin A intake in non-anemic group was higher than non-anemic group (p = 0.52). The mean retinol serum levels in anemic group was 1.40 ± 0.50 and non-anemic group was 1.45 ± 0.44. (P = 0.55). No significant results obtained from multivariate analysis in order to control the confounders.]"

"Tulisan ini merupakan hasil dari penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan studi kasus, yang bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh kondisi lahan kering, sosial budaya dan kebijakan pemerintah daerah terhadap kesehatan reproduksi perempuan hamil dan bersalin. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pengumpulan data melalui observasi dan wawancara mendalam terhadap 11 subjek penelitian, yaitu perempuan yang sedang hamil atau memiliki anak berusia kurang dari 2 tahun serta berasal dari keluarga miskin (pxasejahtera). Penelitian berlokasi di kecamatan Playen dan Paliyan Kabupaten Gunungkidul, DIY. Hasil penelitian memberikan gambaran tentang keterkaitan antara 3 aspek yang meliputi kondisi fisik alam, budaya sosial serta kebijakan pemerintah yang saling berinteraksi dan berpengaruh terhadap status kesehatan ibu hamil dan melahirkan. Bentuk keterkaitan tersebut di atas adalah sebagai berikut :Sebagai daerah lahan kering memiliki ketersediaan air yang terbatas, yang menyebabkan rendahnya produktivitas lahan dan rendahnya tingkat pendapatan penduduk. Hal ini akan berdampak terhadap kemiskinan, selanjutnya berdampak terhadap rendahnya akses perempuan terhadap ketersediaan air bersih, berlanjut terhadap peningkatan beban kerja, yang diperburuk ketidakrnampuan untuk perempuan untuk mengakses gin yang memadahi menyebabkan beberapa ganguan kesehatan maternal seperti Kekurangan Energi Kronis (KEK), Lingkar Langan Atas (LILA), dan Anemia. Konstruksi gender melalui budaya patriarkhi, mitos, pemahaman ajaran agama, tradisi dan aturan seksualitas memberikan kontrol terhadap hak kesehatan reproduksi perempuan. Konstruksi gender memberi kekuasaan laki-laki melakukan pembagian kerja. Perempuan mendapat tugas menyelesaikan pekerjaan reproduksi. Kondisinya yang miskin akhirnya memaksa perempuan untuk memasuki pekerjaan produksi untuk dapat bertahan hidup. Keterpaksaan untuk menjalani pekerjaan rangkap produksi dan reproduksi, berakibat penambahan beban kerja dan berdampak terhadap beberapa ganngguan kesehatan yang khas pads perempuan hamil dan melahirkan. Cara pandang pembuat kebijakan di bidang kesehatan yang belum berpihak kepada kepentingan perempuan, berakibat pada kebijakan-kebijakan yang tidak mengakomodir kebutuhan kesehatan perempuan. Hal tersebut tercermin melalui besarnya alokasi anggaran, dan penyediaan layanan kesehatan yang, capaian program belum memenuhi kepentingan perempuan. Perempuan hamil dan melahirkan di kondisi lahan kering memaknai kesehatan reproduksinya adalah suatu kerelaan dan kepasrahan sebagai salah sate perwujudan dari makna ketidakberdayaan untuk melakukan perlawanan atas penderitaan yang dialami. Di sisi lain perempuan setempat menganut nilai-nilai feminin perempuan untuk bertahan hidup. Nilai-nilai tersebut, antara lain, saling bergantungan, komunitas, hubungan, pengorbanan, dan penganekaragaman. Berdasarkan uraian di atas disimpulkan bahwa kondisi fisik daerah lahan kering, konstruksi gender serta kebijakan pemerintah daerah setempat berinteraksi dan berpengaruh terhadap kondisi kesehatan reproduksi ibu hamil dan melahirkan.

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This thesis is written based on a qualitative research methode with case study which is trying to look from the scientific analysis about the influence and connection of arable land, social and culture values of the society and also the Government policies to the reproductive health of pregnant women and those who in process of giving birth. The data from this case study method is compiling by observation and in depth interview with eleven research subjects. Those research subjects are pregnant women or mother who has children under 2 years old and also coming from poor family (pre-prosperous). Research location itself is taking place at Kecamatan Playen and Paliyan, Kabupaten Gunungkidul, DIY.

The research result is giving us the illustration about the connection from three different aspects including the nature physical condition, social and culture values of the society and also the Government policies which interacts and giving influence to the reproductive health of pregnant women and those who in process of giving birth. The illustrations of the connection from those three aspects are:

Geographic conditions, climatology, also topography in Gunungkidul is well-known as arable land with limited source of water. It causes low productivity of land fields and leads thru the low rate of income, effects to poverty and the low access for women to provide themselves concerning their reproductive health such as clean water and their inability to fulfilled their needs for their own nutrition and also for their unborn baby. These conditions are the causes for more cases of maternal health disorder such as: KEK, LILA and also Anemia.

The gender construction to the patriarchal culture thru myth, religion values, customs and rules of sexuality giving control to the women concerning their reproductive health, while it gives the authority to men to share the task in everyday job. Women are used to be in charge for the reproduction task in the family but the poverty force them to enter the production section to survive in life. The compulsion to handle the double task on reproduction and also production for the family has giving then more burdens; later on it leads to several specific health disorders to the pregnant women and those who in process of giving birth.

The partial point of view of the decision makers in health issue which not support women has a deep impact to the one sided policy which not give women the best ways to fulfill their needs for better health. Those policies are reflected to the unfair budgeting and providing indecent of health service with is not access easier to women.

Pregnant women and those who in process of giving birth in arable land understanding their reproductive health as the willingness as part of their powerless inability to gain their own way out of their life misery. On the other hand local women tend to support and lived by the feminine values for traditional women to survive in life such dependant, community, relation, sacrifice and diversity."

"Stunting berdasarkan tinggi badan anak di bawah normal setelah 1000 hari pertama kehidupan dapat dicegah dengan menangani faktor risiko stunting pada ibu hamil yakni gizi dan depresi selama kehamilan. Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan faktor risiko stunting pada ibu hamil yakni kemampuan adaptasi ibu hamil dan dukungan sosial suami. Penelitian cross-sectional 118 ibu hamil dan suami dengan quota sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan hubungan signifikan antara LiLA, adaptasi ibu hamil (fisiologis, fungsi peran, dan interdependen), dukungan sosial suami, pendidikan ibu hamil, pekerjaan ibu hamil, dan kehamilan direncanakan dengan depresi kehamilan serta hubungan signifikan antara pekerjaan ibu hamil dengan LiLA (p value<0,05). Temuan kejadian membuktikan tindakan preventif dan promotif perlu lebih ditingkatkan sehingga memberikan hasil yang efektif dengan dibuktikan oleh penelitian di kemudian hari.

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Stunting based on the child's height after the first 1000 days of life can be prevented by addressing the risk factors for stunting in pregnant women, namely nutrition and depression during pregnancy. Factors related to risk factors for stunting in pregnant women are the adaptability of pregnant women and husband's social support. This cross-sectional study of 118 pregnant women and husbands with quota sampling. The results showed a significant relationship between LiLA, adaptation of pregnant women (physiological, role function, and interdependent), husband's social support, education of pregnant women, work of pregnant women, and planned pregnancy with pregnancy depression as well as a significant relationship between the work of pregnant women and LiLA (p. value <0.05). The incident findings prove that preventive and promotive actions need to be further improved so as to provide effective results as proven by future research."

"Penelitian ini mengadopsi konsep ideation pada komunikasi kesehatan yang dilakukan oleh Kincaid (1997&2000). Peneliti kemudian menggabungkan dengan dua variabel lain, yaitu modal sosial dan interaksi dengan peer grup sebagaimana pernah dilakukan sebelumnnya oleh Putnam (1996) dan Thomas J. Dishion, et. al., yang merupakan penggabungan perspektif sosial dan komunikasi dalam konteks kesehatan. Penggabungan dua perspektif tersebut didasarkan atas pertimbangan untuk memperoleh gambaran yang lebih baik mengenai pola hubungan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi program kesehatan.Model dasar kemudian oleh peneliti diturunkan menjadi variabel umur, jumlah anak, pengeluaran, pendidikan, modal sosial, interaksi dengan peer group, ideation, communication campaign recall dan intensitas kunjungan terhadap program use and intention. Pemahaman responden terhadap tahapan perubahan perilaku diharapkan dapat mendukung program pemeriksaan ibu hamil dan bersalin yang dicanangkan oleh pemerintah.Studi ini merupakan crosssectional survey, menggunakan seratus responden, (terbagi kedalam dua kelompok, ibu bersalin dan ibu hamil, masing-masing 47 dan 53) yang diperoleh melalui simple random sampling, dari populasi puskesmas yang berada di kecamatan Tebet dan sekitarnya, berusia 19-38 tahun dengan jumlah anak yang dimiliki 0-4 anak.Uji reliabilitas untuk melihat konsistensi jawaban responden Menghasilkan alpha cronbach sekitar 0,6 - 0,9. Uji validitas ditempuh melalui dengan confirmatory factor analysis untuk mengetahui apakah indikator-indikator benar-benar mengukur konsep yang diukur.Path analysis dilakukan untuk melihat pola hubungan kesalingtergantungan antara variabel-variabel independen dan variabel dependen dalam model analisa. Hasil penelitian menunjukan adanya perbedaan model akhir penelitian antara ibu hamil dan ibu bersalin. Terdapat empat variabel yaitu modal sosial, ideation, communication campaign recall dan intensitas kunjungan untuk ibu hamil sementara ibu bersalin hanya ada tiga yaitu modal sosial, interaksi dengan peer group dan ideation. Hasil pengujian fit coeficient secara pasti menunjukan bahwa pada responden ibu bersalin, model yang disesuaikan (X2m = 12,59) lebih baik daripada model dasar . Sementara pada responden ibu hamil hasil pengujian fit coeficient secara pasti menunjukan bahwa model yang disesuaikan (X2m = 14,0671) lebih baik daripada model dasar.Model umum pola hubungan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pemanfaatan program kesehatan menunjukan adanya pengaruh pada level individu yang digambarkan dalam tiga variabel prediktor, yaitu modal sosial (total efek 0,489), ideation (total efek 0,539), interaksi dengan peer group (total efek 0,509) untuk ibu bersalin. Sedangkan untuk kelompok ibu hamil, terdapat tiga variabel prediktor modal sosial (total efek 0,287), ideation (total efek 0,507), communication campaign recall (total efek 0,634).Sebagai implikasi teoritis, model penelitian Kincaid, Putnam dan Thomas J. Dishion tidak bisa diterapkan untuk konteks dimana penelitian ini dilakukan. Walaupun demikian Ideation sebagai tahapan perubahan perilaku, dan communication campaign recall dapat diterapkan pada penelitian ini; demikian juga dengan faktor modal sosial dan interaksi dengan peer group.Kelemahan penelitian ini adalah jumlah responden yang kurang mencukupi, apabila hasil penelitian ini akan digeneralisasikan ke populasi. Belum dimasukkannya faktorlvariabel isi dari media komunikasi dalam analisa juga merupakan suatu kelemahan studi ini. Penelitian ini dapat dijadikan acuan untuk penelitian sejenis yang akan dilakukan di waktu mendatang.

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The Correlation Pattern among Factors Influencing Health Program (Survey of Pregnancy and Post Delivery Examination at Tebet Subdistrict Health Service Center)This Research adopt "ideation" concept of health communication from Kincaid (1997, 2000). Then, researcher include two other variables, : social capital and interaction in the peer group to combine social perspective and communication in heath context which is done before by Putnam (1996) and Thomas J. Dishion, et al, which is. This combination aimed to get more clear view about correlation pattern among factors influencing health program.Based on the basic model, researcher describe the variable into : age, number of children, expense, education, social capital, interaction in the peer group, ideation, communication campaign recall and intensity of visiting to the program use and intention. Respondents awareness about the stage of behavior change expect to be an effort for developing pregnancy and post delivery examination program is issued by governmentIt is crossectional survey using 100 respondents which is devided into two groups : 53 for pregnant women and 47 post delivery women. This research sampling technique is simple random sampling from all population ever to use Tebet subdistrict health service center, who has 0 - 4 children and their age : 19 -- 38 years old.By using alpha cronbach as reliability test to test consistency of respondent answers, is shows that 0.6 - 0.9. Confirmatory factor analysis is usesd to test validity in order to get to know if indicator are able to measure the concept.Path analysis is used to get to know if the concept model is still the same with model based on this research result. The path analysis is used to see the dependent relationship between the dependent and independent variables from analysis model. This research result shows that there's a different model between the concept model and the research result model. There are four variables : social capital, ideation, communication campaign recall and intensity of visiting) for pregnant women. And there are only three variables (social capital, interaction in the peer group and ideation). Fit coefficient results shows that the adopted/adjusted model is better than the basic model (X2m = 12.59) in the post delivery women. So for the pregnant women (X2m = 14.0671).General model of correlation pattern factors influencing the use of health program shows there's a significant correlation in the three predictor variables : social capital (0.489), ideation ( 0.539), interaction in the peer group (0.509) at the individual level for the post delivery women. And there are a significant correlation in the three predictor variables : social capital (0.287), ideation ( 0.507) and communication campaign recall (0.634).Not all of the Kincaid, Putnam and Thomas J. Dishion model cannot be implicate to this research only communication campaign recall, ideation, social capital, and interaction in the peer group could be implicate to this research.Weaknesses of this result is unsufficientlinadequate number of respondents, it will be generalize to the population. The other weakness is not considerize the content of communication media in the analysist. This research could be a refferences for the similar research in the future."