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"For Chinese Indonesians, May 1998 is a significant historical marker, twelfth and thirteenth being two concentrated days of riots and atrocities in Jakarta, followed by more, albeit on smaller scales, in 8010, Surabaya, and a number of other cities. Destruction of properties belonging to them, and rapes of the Women, occurred. Then Indonesia witnessed the end of Suharto s rule when the president resigned on 21 May 1998. A gradual political turn around followed; Chinese Indonesians found room to move. The subsequent governments revoked restrictive regulations put in place by the New Order government, and lifted the Suppression on cultural expression by Chinese Indonesians. The situation has progressed in conjunction with Chinas rise in global economic dominance. Does Chinas increasing international profile and rising global economic dominance help Chinese Indonesians? This article seeks to find some answer to the question as it looks at the development in the big picture; how and to what extent the social perceptions of Chinese Indonesians have evolved among the mainstream population; how they perceive themselves and believe how others perceive them; and how these may influence their lives as Indonesian Citizens."

"Penelitian yang dibahas dalam tulisan ini ditujukan untuk menjelaskan alasan Tun Abdul Razak memilih melanjutkan dan memperkuat posisi kebijakan The 1961 Education Act sebagai upaya pemerintah mengatasi dampak kerusuhan rasial pada 13 Mei 1969. Alasan tersebut dapat dijelaskan melalui serangkaian kejadian yang berkaitan dengan kerusuhan tersebut. Analisis penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan teori nasionalisme-etnis karya Anthony D. Smith dan konsep routinization of policy instrument milik Capano dan Lippi, tulisan ini juga berusaha untuk mengidentifikasi karakteristik pemilihan pola routinization dalam pengambilan kebijakan publik di Malaysia. Hal ini didasarkan atas pada serangkaian kebijakan pendidikan dan kebahasaan yang dijalankan sebelumnya, yakni The 1952 Education Ordinance dan The 1957 Education Ordinance. Selain itu, Tun Abdul Razak juga menilai konsekuensi yang akan terjadi jika pemerintah mengubah pendekatan kebijakan pendidikan dan kebahasaan yang ada pasca kerusuhan 13 Mei 1969 maka stabilitas relasi antar etnis di masyarakat yang diinginkan oleh elit politik Bumiputera-Melayu tidak akan tercapai serta akan terjadi penyimpangan narasi nasionalisme etnis sebagai bentuk identitas nasional yang ingin dicapai bahkan telah digunakan dalam setiap penerapan kebijakan asimilatif di bidang pendidikan dan kebahasaan selama ini.

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The research discussed in this paper is aimed at explaining the reasons why Tun Abdul Razak chose to routineize and strengthen the policy position of The 1961 Education Act as a government effort to overcome the impact of the racial riots on May 13, 1969. This reason can be explained through a series of events related to the riots. The research analysis was conducted using the theory of nationalism-ethnicity by Anthony D. Smith and the concept of routinization of policy instrument by Capano and Lippi. This paper also seeks to identify the characteristics of the choice of routine patterns in public policy making in Malaysia. This is based on a series of educational and linguistic policies previously implemented, namely The 1952 Education Ordinance and The 1957 Education Ordinance. In addition, Tun Abdul Razak also assessed the consequences that would occur if the government changed the approach to education and language policies that existed after the May 13, 1969 riots, the stability of inter-ethnic relations in society that was desired by the Bumiputera-Melayu political elite would not be achieved and there would be narrative distortion. Ethnic nationalism as a form of national identity to be achieved has even been used in every application of assimilative policies in the fields of education and language so far."

"Batasan etnik (ethnic boundary) terbentuk ketika adanya interaksi diantara dua atau lebih kelompok etnik dalam ruang lingkup sosial dan kawasan. Perbedaan budaya, bahasa, arsitektur dan kebiasaan sebagai ciri khas kelompok etnik membentuk sejenis batasan yang bersifat membedakan identitas kelompok etnik. Ketika masyarakat semakin lama berinteraksi dan bersosialisasi, batasan etnik juga akan berubah dan memengaruhi perkembangan area di mana mereka hidup dan berkegiatan. Salah satu pecinan terbesar di Indonesia, yaitu kawasan Glodok Jakarta memiliki identitas sebagai pusat perdagangan yang dikelola oleh kelompok etnik Tionghoa dari masa kolonial hingga saat ini, dan telah menjadi kawasan yang unik di Jakarta dengan karakteristik arsitektur pecinannya. Penulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi batasan etnik dengan melihat unsur bangunan serta ruang kegiatan dalam arsitektur di area Glodok serta perkembangannya ketika adanya faktor eksternal, seperti tragedi pembantaian keturunan etnis Tionghoa di Batavia pada era kolonial Belanda maupun tragedi Mei 1998 di Indonesia yang menargetkan kawasan etnik Tionghoa. Oleh karena itu, penulisan ini mencoba menghubungkan manifestasi batasan etnik dengan identitasnya untuk mengidentifikasi perubahan pada kawasan Glodok sebagai respon terhadap tragedi Mei 1998, seperti perubahan visual pada bangunan ruko yang berkembang mengikuti batasan etnik, atau ruang kegiatan berdagang sebagai media berkembangnya batasan tersebut.

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An Ethnic Boundary forms between the interaction of two or more different ethnic groups, the differences between culutures, languages, architecture and gestures form a kind of boundary that makes people distinctive to one another. Then, as more people interact and socialize, ethnic boundaries will also change and affect the development of the area whereas people live and do activities. One of the biggest Chinatown in Indonesia, Glodok area had the identity known as a trading area managed by Chinese Indonesian from the colonial era until now, and has become a very iconic place in Jakarta for the characteristics as a Chinatown. This study aims to identify the ethnic boundary by studying the buildings and space for activity formed within the area of Glodok, and also to identify another effect of the boundary as it was influenced by major external factors, just like the massacre of the Chinese Indonesian in the colonial era and also the tragedy of May 1998 in Indonesia that mainly targeted the Chinese Indonesian settlement, this also includes the characteristic and changes that occur in the rebuilding of the area. Therefore, this study tries to connect the forms of ethnic boundary identity to identify the changes made to the urban area of Glodok afterwards as the response to the May 1998 tragedy, like the visual changes in ruko buildings that develops alongside the ethnic boundary, or the space of activities that becomes the medium of the development of that boundary."

"ABSTRAKKehadiran keturunan Cina seringkali menimbulkan rasa tidak suka dari beberapa kelompok di masyarakat mereka seringkali menjadi sasaran apabila terjadi sesuatu yang menyulitkan kehidupan bangsa Kerusuhan Mei 1998 menjadi salah satu contohnya peristiwa yang sedikit banyak disebabkan oleh ketidakmampuan pemerintah mengatasi krisis moneter justru menjadi ajang pelampiasan amarah bukan terhadap pemerintah sebagai pihak bertanggung jawab melainkan pada warga keturunan Cina Hal itu bukan muncul secara otomatis dan peneliti ingin mengupas peranan media massa dalam pengalihan isu dari anti Soeharto menjadi anti Cina pada harian Kompas dan Republika dengan menggunakan metode analisa wacana van Dijk Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peranan media dalam pengalihan isu tidak ada karena orde baru melakukan kontrol di segala bidang termasuk media membuat mereka hanya mengikuti keinginan pemerintah Jadi disini pemerintah merupakan pihak yang menciptakan sebuah simulacrum sejak dahulu sehingga pikiran rakyat menjadi takut terhadap orde baru dan menyalahkan kelompok masyarakat lainnya ketika terjadi sesuatu

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ABSTRACTChinese descent presence makes few Indonesian society groups feels uncomfortable many times in few occasions they become the target when there rsquo s a problem with the country May 1998 riot is one of the example caused most likely because of the government can rsquo t handle the monetary crisis become a stage to anger impingement to Chinese descent That thing isn rsquo t come by itself and in this occasion researcher wants to find out mass media role on issue diversion from anti Soeharto become anti Chinese on Kompas and Republika reporting by using van Dijk rsquo s discourse analysis method The results shows if the media has no part in this issue diversion because the new order regime controls every single part of it rsquo s citizen life including massa media reporting so it makes the mass media just follow what the government wants and like to report In the end it affected how rsquo s the citizen mindset when facing this kind of problem it makes them fear of the government and as the outcome they blame another society group when something bad happens and this another group is Chinese descent "

"ABSTRAKGerimis yang Sederhana? karya Eka Kurniawan adalah sebuah cerpen yang mengandung unsur sejarah tentang pemerkosaan perempuan etnis Tionghoa pada Tragedi Mei 1998. Melalui penelitian ini, penulis ingin menunjukkan bahwa sebuah karya sastra dapat merekam peristiwa sejarah yang mungkin tidak terungkap di masyarakat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis pustaka dengan tinjauan sosiologi sastra berdasarkan latar sejarah dan tempat peristiwa. Konflik batin tokoh Mei akan dianalisis dengan tinjauan psikologi sastra. Berdasarkan analisis cerpen ?Gerimis yang Sederhana? terlihat bahwa Tragedi Mei 1998 membawa pengaruh besar bagi kehidupan tokoh Mei. Ia masih menyimpan luka batin meskipun telah meninggalkan Jakarta dan tinggal di Amerika Serikat selama belasan tahun.

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ABSTRACT

Gerimis yang Sederhana? by Eka Kurniawan is a short story that contains elements of the history about the rapings of Chinese women during the May 1998 Tragedy. Through this study, the researcher wanted to show that a literary work can record historical events that may not be revealed in public. This study uses literature analysis with a review of the sociology of literature based on the historical background and events. Inner conflict of Mei figures will be analyzed with a review of psychological literature. Based on the analysis of the short story "Gerimis yang Sederhana" showed that the May 1998 Tragedy had great influence on the lives of Mei. She kept the emotional wounds although she had already left Jakarta and lived in the United States for a dozen years."

"Proceedings, 15th International Thermal Spray Conference Nice, France, 25-29 May 1998. The 271 papers presented in this two-volume set cover the theory of thermal spray, the properties of coatings, the different spraying processes, their quality control, and their practical application. The conference was organised by the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique and five other French organizations, and was co-sponsored by the ASM Thermal Spray SocietySM, The German Welding Society, and the High Temperature Society of Japan. Contents: Oxidation, Wear, and Corrosion Jets and Deposits Properties and characterization Processes and Quality Control Applications Composite Structures Free-Standing Shapes Polymer Coatings Feedstock Spraying Thermal Barriers."