Masalah kurang gizi pada baduta yaitu stunting, wasting dan underweight baik di Sulawesi Barat maupun di tingkat nasional masih menjadi masalah serius. Ditambah lagi kenyataannya terdapat anak-anak yang memiliki dua atau lebih masalah kurang gizi secara bersamaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor dominan CIAF (composite index anthropometric failure) pada baduta di Sulawesi Barat. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian cross sectional yang memanfaatkan data Riskesdas 2018 dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 395 anak. Analisis dilakukan mengunakan uji chi kuadrat dan regresi logistic ganda. Hasil penelitian didapatkan prevalensi CIAF pada anak usia 0-23 bulan di Sulawesi Barat  tahun 2018 sebesar 47.3 %. ISPA dan berat badan lahir memiliki hubungan signifikan dengan CIAF, dimana ISPA merupakan faktor dominan (OR= 2.13). Namun tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara CIAF dengan keanekaragaman konsumsi makanan (MDD), diare, TB Paru, MPASI Dini, imunisasi, status pekerjaan ayah, status pendidikan ibu, status pekerjaan ibu, wilayah tempat tinggal, inisiasi menyusu dini (IMD), cara pembuangan tinja baduta, sumber Air minum dan pemberian kapsul vitamin A. Kesimpulan pada penelitian ini yaitu anak yang mengalami ISPA dalam berisiko 2.1 kali mengalami CIAF sehingga upaya pencegahan penyakit infeksi berulang perlu ditingkatkan agar tidak berdampak pada masalah kurang gizi.

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Undernutrition in children under five especially aged 0-23 months like stunting, wasting, underweight either in West Sulawesi or nationally is still being a serious problem. In addition there are children who have two or more undernutrition problem simultaneously and none of the three conventional indicators are able to provide the overall prevalence burden of undernutrition. This research aims to determine the dominant factor of composite index anthropometric failure aged 0-23 months in West Sulawesi using Riskesdas Data 2018. This research used cross sectional design with a sample total of 395 children aged 0-23 months. Data were analyzed using chi square for bivariate analysis and multiple regression logistic for multiple analysis. The result showed that 47.3% children aged 0-23 months were undernourished by using CIAF. Acute respiratory infection and birth weight were significantly related to CIAF with acute respiratory infection is a dominant factor (OR 2.13). Meanwhile there were no significant relationship between minimum dietary diversity, diarrhea, lung tuberculosis, early complementary feeding, basic immunization, early initiation of breastfeeding, working status of mother, working status of father, education status of mother, area of residence, source of drinking water, feces children disposal, and supplementation of vitamin A. The conclusion of this research was children who have suffered ARI in the last month have a risk 2.3 times of experiencing CIAF. Therefore increasing efforts to prevent repeated ARI is needed.