Hubungan Uni Eropa (UE) dan Myanmar mengalami pasang surut sejak tahun 1990an hingga saat ini, dan diwarnai banyak pemberian sanksi UE atas Myanmar. Hubungan mereka mulai membaik ketika Myanmar melakukan transisi politik di tahun 2010. Sanksi-sanksi UE dicabut dan peningkatan kerja sama terjadi seiring dengan perubahan politik Myanmar. Namun, pasca demokrasi, hubungan keduanya kembali memanas ketika terjadi penyerangan oleh militer Myanmar terhadap etnis Rohingya di Negara Bagian Rakhine pada tahun 2017. Ribuan etnis Rohingnya dilaporkan menjadi korban dan mengakibatkan arus pengungsi cukup besar keluar Myanmar. UE merespon tindakan militer Myanmar dan mengecam pemerintah yang dianggap tidak melakukan apa-apa. Namun, respon UE kali ini tidak setegas dan sekeras sanksi-sanksi UE sebelumnya. Sanksi UE menuai protes dari NGO dan pembela hak asasi manusia karena dianggap tidak memberikan insentif yang kuat bagi militer Myanmar. Tesis ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis praktik teori Selective Aid Sanctions dalam keputusan sanksi bantuan UE ke Myanmar terkait konflik Rohingya 2017-2019. Penelitian ini bersifat kualitatif dan fokus pada faktor yang mempengaruhi keputusan UE dalam memberikan sanksi kepada Myanmar. Berdasarkan teori Selective Aid Sanctions, keputusan sanksi UE ini kemungkinan dipengaruhi oleh tiga hal, yaitu kondisi hubungan UE-Myanmar, eksternalitas negatif yang ditimbulkan terhadap UE dan pertimbangan jenis sanksi bantuan luar negeri. Penulis menemukan bahwa kondisi hubungan UE-Myanmar yang sudah semakin membaik meningkatkan kepentingan ekonomi maupun keamanan UE di Myanmar sehingga sulit untuk membuat keputusan sanksi seperti dahulu. Sementara untuk dua variabel lainnya, penulis tidak menemukan keterkaitan yang kuat yang dapat mempengaruhi keputusan sanksi UE.

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The relationship between the EU and Myanmar has had its ups and downs since the 1990s until now and has been marked by many EU sanctions against Myanmar. Their relationship began to improve when Myanmar made a political transition in 2010. EU sanctions were lifted, and increased cooperation occurred as Myanmar's politics changed. However, post-democracy, the relationship between the two became heated again when there was an attack by the Myanmar military against the Rohingya in Rakhine State in 2017. Thousands of Rohingya were reported to have been victims and resulted in a large flow of refugees out of Myanmar. The EU responded to the actions of the Myanmar military and condemned the government for doing nothing. However, the EU's response this time was not as firm and harsh as previous EU sanctions. The EU sanctions have drawn protests from NGOs and human rights defenders because they are deemed not to provide strong incentives for the Myanmar military. This thesis aims to analyze the practice of Selective Aid Sanctions theory in the decision of EU aid sanction to Myanmar related to the 2017-2019 Rohingya conflict. This research is qualitative research and focuses on the factors of EU’s decision in imposing sanctions on Myanmar. Based on the theory of Selective Aid Sanctions, the EU sanctions decision may be influenced by three things, namely the condition of the EU-Myanmar relationship, the negative externalities caused to the EU and the consideration of the types of foreign aid sanctions. The author finds that the improving condition of EU-Myanmar relations has increased the economic and security interests of the EU in Myanmar, making it difficult to make sanctions decisions as in the past. Meanwhile, for the other two variables, the authors did not find a strong relationship that could influence the EU sanctions decision.