Melalui laporan United States Trade Representative (USTR), berjudul “Section 301Investigation: Vietnam Currency,”AS menuduh Vietnam telah melakukanmanipulasi nilai tukar dengan cara melemahkan nilai tukar mata uangnya dengancara membeli cadangan devisa pada tahun 2019. Maka, hal ini membuat hargaPVLT asal Vietnam menjadi menurun guna untuk peningkatan nilai eksporVietnam. Lebih lanjut, AS menuding Vietnam karena telah melakukan subsidikarna telah memberikan bantuan untuk melemahkan nilai mata uangnya gunameningkatkan ekspor dan melakukan investigasi lebih lanjut mengenai hal ini.Nilai tukar, walaupun bukan merupakan faktor penentu, berpengaruh terhadapsurplus atau defisit perdagangan, yang selanjutnya mempengaruhi nilai tukar, danseterusnya. Namun, secara umum, mata uang domestik yang lebih lemahmerangsang ekspor dan membuat impor lebih mahal. Sebaliknya, mata uangdomestik yang kuat menghambat ekspor dan membuat impor lebih murah. Darilatar belakang tesis ini, yang dapat dijadikan sebagai pokok-pokok permasalahansebagai berikut: pertama, bagaimana pembuktian terkait dugaan kebijakanmanipulasi nilai tukar mata uang oleh Vietnam dan bagaimana praktik tersebutberdampak pada perdagangan internasional? Kedua, bagaimana ketentuanAgreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measure (ASCM) / Perjanjian SCMterhadap praktik dugaan manipulasi mata uang oleh Vietnam? Ketiga, agaimanaanalisis mengenai Laporan “Section 301 Investigation: Vietnam Currency” olehUSTR terkait dengan tuduhan manipulasi nilai mata uang oleh Vietnam?Penelitian ini dapat diklasifikasikan juga sebagai penelitian hukum doctrinal(doctrinal legal reserach). Penelitian doktrin berkaitan dengan analisis suatu doktrinhukum dan bagaimana ia dikembangkan dan diterapkan. Cara ini sering kalibercirikan mempelajari teks hukum, sehingga sering juga disebut dengan 'hukumhuruf hitam' atau dikenal dengan istilah studi normatif.Hasil tesis ini menunjukkan bahwa menurut data dari International Monetary Fund(IMF) bahwa memang benar Vietnam telah membeli cadangan devisa di tahun 2019dan menurunnya nilai tukar VND. Namun, kontribusi pemerintah tersebut bukanmerupakan subsidi menurut Perjanjian SCM. Lebih lanjut, USTR tidak memiliki hakuntuk melakukan investigasi kebijakan moneter di suatu negara.

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Through United States Trade Representative (USTR) report, entitled “Section 301

Investigation: Vietnam Currency,” the US accused Vietnam of manipulating the

exchange rate by devaluating its currency exchange rate by buying foreign

exchange reserves in 2019. Thus, this made the Vietnam’s PVLT price has

decreased in order to increase the value of Vietnam's exports. Furthermore, the US

accused Vietnam of conducting prohibited subsidy because the Vietnam

Government’s financial contribution weakening the value of its currency has

increased exports and US further initiate investigations on this matter. The

exchange rate, although not a determining factor, affects the trade surplus or

deficit, which in turn affects the exchange rate, and so on. In general, however, a

weaker domestic currency stimulates exports and makes imports more expensive.

In contrast, a strong domestic currency discourages exports and makes imports

cheaper. From the background of this thesis, which can be used as the main points

of the problem as follows: First, what is the evidence related to the alleged policy

of currency manipulation by Vietnam and how this practice has an impact on

international trade? Second, how does the provisions of the Agreement on Subsidies

and Countervailing Measure (ASCM) regulates the alleged practice of currency

manipulation by Vietnam? Third, how is the analysis of the “Section 301

Investigation: Vietnam Currency” Report by USTR related to allegations of

currency manipulation by Vietnam?

This research can also be classified as doctrinal legal research (doctrinal legal

research). Doctrinal research is concerned with the analysis of a legal doctrine and

how it is developed and applied. This method is often characterized by studying

legal texts, so it is often also referred to as 'black letter law' or known as normative

studies.

The results of this thesis has shown that according to data from the International

Monetary Fund (IMF), it is true that Vietnam has purchased foreign exchange

reserves in 2019 and the VND exchange rate has decreased. However, the

government contribution is not categorized as subsidy under ASCM. Furthermore,

USTR does not have the right to conduct monetary policy investigations towards

other country.