Oil palm biomass derived from oil palm processing plant has a very abundant availability or nearly equal to the yield of crude palm oil. This paper provides a review of the chemical and fibers characteristics from the empty fruit bunches of oil palm tree associated with the properties of pulp and papermaking. Potential use of fibers from oil palm tree, which is included in the group of nonwood, as raw material for pulp and paper is large enough for wood substitution. Opportunities to use oil palm tree fibers as raw material for pulp and paper in industrial scale is very prospective.