ABSTRAKPengembangan gene gun sebagai instrumen administrasi vaksinintradermal memerlukan banyak penelitian di berbagai hal, salah satunya padapengaplikasian teknologi nosel terhadap dampak yang ditimbulkan. Pengujiandilakukan untuk mendapatkan desain nosel yang memiliki keluaran gaya impakterendah dengan mengetahui karakteristik nosel melalui pengaruh sudut lubangbaffle dan jarak tembak terhadap gaya impak. Variasi nosel yang diuji adalahnosel standar tanpa lubang baffle dan nosel dengan sudut lubang baffle sebesar30o, 90o, dan 150o. Keempat nosel tersebut diuji pada tiga jarak tembak, yaitu0 mm, 10 mm, dan 20 mm. Hasil eksperimen dan analisa secara statistikmenunjukkan pola yang menyatakan adanya hubungan antara variasi sudut lubangbaffle dan jarak tembak terhadap gaya impak dengan adanya indikasi titik jaraktembak optimal untuk tiap variasi nosel dan kecenderungan menurunnya gayaimpak seiring dengan meningkatnya besar sudut lubang baffle. Adapun besar gayaimpak terkecil dihasilkan oleh nosel dengan sudut lubang baffle 150o pada jaraktembak 0 mm. Metode simulasi komputasi memberikan hasil berupa profilkecepatan dan nilai dari beberapa parameter aliran di dalam dan luar nosel yangmenunjukkan bahwa nosel yang digunakan termasuk kategori nosel supersonik.

---

ABSTRACTThere have been many researches in demand to develop gene gun as an

intradermal vaccine administration instrument. One of those researches is in the

application of nozzle technology with its implication. Tests to investigate nozzle

characteristics in terms of baffle holes angle and shooting distance variation to

impact force have been carried out. Nozzles under test were standard nozzle

without baffle holes and nozzle with baffle holes angle 30o, 90 o, and 150 o. These

four nozzles were tested at three shooting distances, which were 0 mm, 10 mm

and 20 mm. Patterns that stated relationship between the baffle holes angle and

shooting distance that generate the impact force have been found through

experiments and statistical analysis. They indicated the existence of optimum

shooting distance for each nozzles. In addition, the impact force trend is

decreasing when the baffle holes angle is widened. It is also discovered that the

lowest impact force was generated by nozzle with baffle holes angle 150o with

shooting distance 0 mm. Computational simulations were conducted to investigate

the velocity profile and some fluid flow parameter values inside and outside the

nozzles. From these, it can be concluded that the nozzles used for the application

of gene gun as intradermal vaccine administration instrument should be

considered as supersonic nozzle.